It is argued that Pakistan's role and involvement is important in the ongoing process of reconcil... more It is argued that Pakistan's role and involvement is important in the ongoing process of reconciliation among the US, Kabul government and the Taliban. Because, Pakistan is not mere a neighboring country of Afghanistan. Pak-Afghan shared values, ethnic ties and geographic proximity and most importantly the links between Pakistan and the Taliban situate it to be a major player in the Afghan reconciliation process and bringing peace, security and stability in Afghanistan. Pakistan is an important member of the Quadrilateral Coordination Committee which aims at reviving the process of peace in Afghanistan. Pakistan's authorities are optimistic regarding its ability in ensuring peace in Afghanistan. The world community also considers Pakistan as an important player which has the potentials to bring Taliban to negotiation. This paper analyses the factors or causes that signify Pakistan's role in the process of reconciliation in Afghanistan. This study answers the questions; Why Pakistan's role is critical for Afghan reconciliation process? How Pakistan can facilitate a negotiated settlement of Afghan insurgency?
IntroductionThe concept of justice found in the historical records of Athens illustrates the Athe... more IntroductionThe concept of justice found in the historical records of Athens illustrates the Athens' desire for peace and justice. In the Greek philosophical journey Plato was the most prominent philosopher who presented a sophisticated concept of justice. The core rationale of Plato's search for justice was to create a just and perfect society free of all evils. In his book 'The Republic' Plato talked about individual's virtues of justice, courage and wisdom and put emphasis on the role of just individual in a just society. Plato was highly concerned with the political realities of Athens of that time. His disillusionment regarding democratic oligarchic institutions of Athens led to his desire to aspire for reforms (Klosko, 2006). The political deception, amateurishness, frustration and injustice were out of control. Moreover, the sophistic philosophy of the moral principles of self-satisfaction which resulted in extreme individualism encouraged the people to us...
The research regarding Child rights in Pakistan has immense magnitude for the socio-economic deve... more The research regarding Child rights in Pakistan has immense magnitude for the socio-economic development in Pakistan. Resembling the majority of the worlds developing countries, Pakistan is also facing numerous social and economic problems. The weaker economic condition of the society resulted in an environment of uneven social conditions and class discrimination which becomes a huge hurdle in the way of attainment of a prosperous society. However, the most vulnerable element of society which is mainly affected by the worse social or economic condition is children. Approximately thirty-five % of the countrys populace is age 15 or lower from which about twenty-five millions are out of schools and 12 million are employed in labor work. The objective of this study is to analyze the situation in which the majority of the Pakistani children are facing numerous challenges in getting access to basic rights including healthcare, education and protection from abuse etc
Using a simple sequential game, this article aims at exploring the outcome of the political inter... more Using a simple sequential game, this article aims at exploring the outcome of the political interactions of various strategic players related to the political status of GilgitBaltistan. A political system that comes into existence after the strategic interactions of different players is defined to be an outcome for the purpose of our analysis. To discuss the constitutional limbo in Gilgit-Baltistan, the article identifies four strategic players: the federal government, the provincial, the Shia Muslims in Gilgit-Baltistan, and the Sunni Muslims in Gilgit-Baltistan. Their strategies, preferences, and payoffs have been highlighted. The simple sequential game has an outcome of “status-quo, which is in harmony with the existing political status of the region. The status-quo of the region will continue until the players decide to play different strategies. The outcome will tilt in the favor of the player with most political influence.
Pakistan remained under military domination for about 32 years (1958-1971,1977-1988 and 1999 to 2... more Pakistan remained under military domination for about 32 years (1958-1971,1977-1988 and 1999 to 2008). The perpetual influence of military overshadowed the civilian in one way or the other. To analyze civil-military nexus accurately, it is necessary to assess how both civil and military leaders handle policy discrepancies between them. The entire concept of the overall civil-military nexus is broadly based on the fact of how to assure civil control over the military. During Musharrafs regime, various nonmilitary practices with the vested interest of the military as a priority encouraged the military greatly while the civilians were kept in the background. But in spite of such defiance towards the army, a sound political leadership could not be brought forward to stand against military power and to keep them confined to their barracks. The civilian power that has governed the country encompasses two families monopoly i.e. the Bhutto and Sharif
Indus Basin Treaty which was brokered by the World Bank for resolving water issues between Pakist... more Indus Basin Treaty which was brokered by the World Bank for resolving water issues between Pakistan and India. Despite persistent hostilities and wars between the two arch-rivals, the treaty has functioned well and is still crucial for Pakistans water security and peace of the region. However, owing to increasing tension of water shortage in both Pakistan and India strains arise over the treaty. Growing Pakistani demands for water and sustained Indian construction of hydropower projects, as well as other dams on western rivers, have raised threats regarding the survivability of the treaty. Presently the treaty has come under intense threats after Uri attacks. Due to this incident some Indian commentators recommended abrogation, while some circles proposed revision of the treaty. However, questions arise whether revision of the treaty suit Pakistans interests? Will the treaty survive in the face of current crisis? What is Pakistans current stand on the issue?
The US presidential elections are over and to the astonishment of media, surveys and polls; Donal... more The US presidential elections are over and to the astonishment of media, surveys and polls; Donald Trump won a stunning victory over his democratic rival Hillary by 289 electoral votes. The election results were surprising and may not be digested by many Americans for long time and especially for the Democrats. The stunning victory of Trump does not seem so dramatic if the past elections are analyzed. This paper identifies few patterns through the analysis of past elections that support the Republican victory in the Elections 2016. This article highlights those patterns calling them the Trumps Triumph Cards and correlates them with the results of the current election. This paper identifies that the Role of the White Population, Population with 40+ years of age, The Rubio Factor in Florida, the vote of White Women, the increasing millennial Vote and the voting collapse for democrats were the contributing factors for Trumps dramatic win over Hillary Clinton. The data is collected from...
With the idea of ‘change’ in exiting social system of Pakistan mainly by eradicating corruption, ... more With the idea of ‘change’ in exiting social system of Pakistan mainly by eradicating corruption, Pakistani Tehrik-e-Insaf emerged in 1996, under the leadership of renowned cricket player Imran Khan. He pledged to promote justice and the establishment of a welfare state. However, the party could hardly attain electoral success until 2012 when it reached on national political peaks. Majority of the Pakistani youth from urban areas follow the party agenda with a new zenith. Unlike other political parties, PTI pledged to challenge the existing transmissible-monarchy and decided to holds the intra party election. By using different primary and secondary sources, this article tries to focus on PTI’s intra party elections in order to denounce the existing socio-political culture of Pakistan, yet it could hardly achieve the said goals in the presence of “old-guard” in the front lines of party leadership.
Khilafat Movement provided an opportunity to the Ulema of sub-continent to take part in active po... more Khilafat Movement provided an opportunity to the Ulema of sub-continent to take part in active politics, however, Anjuman-i-Khuddam-i-Kaaba which was the first ever organized confrontation with the British raj. It eventually resulted in the formation of Jamiat Ulema-i-Hind (JUH). Although Majlis-iAhrar-i-Islam, emerged as an effective instrument of Deobandi activism yet it denounced the creation of an independent Muslim state. Majority of Ulema believed that with the demise of British regime in India, the Muslims being a strong minority, could not be impoverished, therefore, JUH worked closely with the Congress. Interestingly, the history of the Ulema has been one of their perpetual conflicts with intelligentsia and the creation of Pakistan by the moderate leadership was a great setback for the “nationalist” Ulema. However, they failed to create a political constituency and continued to tag along with the Muslim League. Yet, JUI time and again denounced socialism and advocated the I...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2014
The recent uprising in the Middle East astonished the entire world when volcano of human patience... more The recent uprising in the Middle East astonished the entire world when volcano of human patience erupted in the strategically most important region of the World-the Middle East. It is also known as the Middle East uprising. Taking start from Tunisia, one of the most developed oil producing country of the region, this wave of change took the neighboring countries into its folds. Some dictators bowed before it while others lost lives. Several social, economic and political factors were responsible for this uprising. But media especially the internet was the vehicle to bring the Arab youth closer to each other and spread awareness among them. It is also an irrefutable fact that still the Arabs have to go a long way to get their most basic rightright of self-determination. Even now, there are sheikhdoms, monarchies and worst type of dictatorships that are the main stumbling-blocks in the process of democratization of the Middle East. This paper will take into account all the factors that contributed to bring about this change in the region. It will explore the internal and external dynamics of this uprising and its impacts upon the future political, economic and social scenario of the region and the world. It will highlight the fact that how relevant is the political Islam to these revolutionary movements. The role of Islamist parties in the future setup will be brought to the forth. The impacts of this new trend upon the global politics will also be discussed.
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2014
This research paper aims to examine the Pakistan-Iran Relationship in the context of Regional and... more This research paper aims to examine the Pakistan-Iran Relationship in the context of Regional and International challenges emanated after 9/11 (2001). It will explore the internal and external challenges to the relationship, especially the role of US and India. I will also analyze the options available to the two partners for improving their relationship in order to enhance its efficacy and durability. Pakistan is an Islamic country which has been influenced by the U.S. preventing the free development of her society and stabbing her political autonomy. India on the other hand is increasing her influence in the South Asian security complex by making relations with the western neighbours of Pakistan. The Indo-US strategic partnership is also polarizing the balance of power in Indian favour thus sandwiching Pakistan on the east and west and seriously jeopardizing the external security milieu of Pakistan. This paper analyzes Pakistan-Iran relationship in the context of this web of relations among the contending and cooperating powers.
Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions inherited from the colonial era which have minim... more Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions inherited from the colonial era which have minimal roots in its diverse soil led to political wrangling in federating units for more representational space in the federal structure. Conflict management through the engineering of an inclusive electoral system in Pakistan is the aim of this paper. The challenge of changing demographics and the demand for a fair share in power can be met with the introduction of a suitable reform package as set forth by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in its verdict in June 2012. With this decision in view, this paper attempts to examine a feasible way to introduce a less perilous electoral packa
Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions
inherited from the colonial era which have minim... more Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions inherited from the colonial era which have minimal roots in its diverse soil led to political wrangling in federating units for more representational space in the federal structure. Conflict management through the engineering of an inclusive electoral system in Pakistan is the aim of this paper. The challenge of changing demographics and the demand for a fair share in power can be met with the introduction of a suitable reform package as set forth by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in its verdict in June 2012. With this decision in view, this paper attempts to examine a feasible way to introduce a less perilous electoral package in Pakistan which can resolve issues of political exclusiveness.
The US presidential elections are over and to the astonishment of media, surveys and polls; Donal... more The US presidential elections are over and to the astonishment of media, surveys and polls; Donald Trump won a stunning victory over his democratic rival Hillary by 289 electoral votes. The election results were surprising and may not be digested by many Americans for long time and especially for the Democrats. The stunning victory of Trump does not seem so dramatic if the past elections are analyzed. This paper identifies few patterns through the analysis of past elections that support the Republican victory in the Elections 2016. This article highlights those patterns calling them the "Trump's Triumph Cards" and correlates them with the results of the current election. This paper identifies that the Role of the White Population, Population with 40+ years of age, The Rubio Factor in Florida, the vote of White Women, the increasing millennial Vote and the voting collapse for democrats were the contributing factors for Trump's dramatic win over Hillary Clinton. The data is collected from national polls' surveys and statistical departments and tabulated.
Indus Basin Treaty which was brokered by the World Bank for resolving water issues between Pakist... more Indus Basin Treaty which was brokered by the World Bank for resolving water issues between Pakistan and India. Despite persistent hostilities and wars between the two arch-rivals, the treaty has functioned well and is still crucial for Pakistan's water security and peace of the region. However, owing to increasing tension of water shortage in both Pakistan and India strains arise over the treaty. Growing Pakistani demands for water and sustained Indian construction of hydropower projects, as well as other dams on western rivers, have raised threats regarding the survivability of the treaty. Presently the treaty has come under intense threats after Uri attacks. Due to this incident some Indian commentators recommended abrogation, while some circles proposed revision of the treaty. However, questions arise whether revision of the treaty suit Pakistan's interests? Will the treaty survive in the face of current crisis? What is Pakistan's current stand on the issue?
Khilafat Movement provided an opportunity to the Ulema of sub-continent to take part in active po... more Khilafat Movement provided an opportunity to the Ulema of sub-continent to take part in active politics, however, Anjuman-i-Khuddam-i-Kaaba which was the first ever organized confrontation with the British raj. It eventually resulted in the formation of Jamiat Ulema-i-Hind (JUH). Although Majlis-i-Ahrar-i-Islam, emerged as an effective instrument of Deobandi activism yet it denounced the creation of an independent Muslim state. Majority of Ulema believed that with the demise of British regime in India, the Muslims being a strong minority, could not be impoverished, therefore, JUH worked closely with the Congress. Interestingly, the history of the Ulema has been one of their perpetual conflicts with intelligentsia and the creation of Pakistan by the moderate leadership was a great setback for the "nationalist" Ulema. However, they failed to create a political constituency and continued to tag along with the Muslim League. Yet, JUI time and again denounced socialism and advocated the Islamic system for Pakistan. After 1970 Elections, both NAP and JUI emerged as majority parties in NWFP and Baluchistan. During the study, it will be analyzed that how JUI, a conservative Islamic party could form an alliance with NAP that had won the elections on the basis of secular ideas.
It is argued that Pakistan's role and involvement is important in the ongoing process of reconcil... more It is argued that Pakistan's role and involvement is important in the ongoing process of reconciliation among the US, Kabul government and the Taliban. Because, Pakistan is not mere a neighboring country of Afghanistan. Pak-Afghan shared values, ethnic ties and geographic proximity and most importantly the links between Pakistan and the Taliban situate it to be a major player in the Afghan reconciliation process and bringing peace, security and stability in Afghanistan. Pakistan is an important member of the Quadrilateral Coordination Committee which aims at reviving the process of peace in Afghanistan. Pakistan's authorities are optimistic regarding its ability in ensuring peace in Afghanistan. The world community also considers Pakistan as an important player which has the potentials to bring Taliban to negotiation. This paper analyses the factors or causes that signify Pakistan's role in the process of reconciliation in Afghanistan. This study answers the questions; Why Pakistan's role is critical for Afghan reconciliation process? How Pakistan can facilitate a negotiated settlement of Afghan insurgency?
IntroductionThe concept of justice found in the historical records of Athens illustrates the Athe... more IntroductionThe concept of justice found in the historical records of Athens illustrates the Athens' desire for peace and justice. In the Greek philosophical journey Plato was the most prominent philosopher who presented a sophisticated concept of justice. The core rationale of Plato's search for justice was to create a just and perfect society free of all evils. In his book 'The Republic' Plato talked about individual's virtues of justice, courage and wisdom and put emphasis on the role of just individual in a just society. Plato was highly concerned with the political realities of Athens of that time. His disillusionment regarding democratic oligarchic institutions of Athens led to his desire to aspire for reforms (Klosko, 2006). The political deception, amateurishness, frustration and injustice were out of control. Moreover, the sophistic philosophy of the moral principles of self-satisfaction which resulted in extreme individualism encouraged the people to us...
The research regarding Child rights in Pakistan has immense magnitude for the socio-economic deve... more The research regarding Child rights in Pakistan has immense magnitude for the socio-economic development in Pakistan. Resembling the majority of the worlds developing countries, Pakistan is also facing numerous social and economic problems. The weaker economic condition of the society resulted in an environment of uneven social conditions and class discrimination which becomes a huge hurdle in the way of attainment of a prosperous society. However, the most vulnerable element of society which is mainly affected by the worse social or economic condition is children. Approximately thirty-five % of the countrys populace is age 15 or lower from which about twenty-five millions are out of schools and 12 million are employed in labor work. The objective of this study is to analyze the situation in which the majority of the Pakistani children are facing numerous challenges in getting access to basic rights including healthcare, education and protection from abuse etc
Using a simple sequential game, this article aims at exploring the outcome of the political inter... more Using a simple sequential game, this article aims at exploring the outcome of the political interactions of various strategic players related to the political status of GilgitBaltistan. A political system that comes into existence after the strategic interactions of different players is defined to be an outcome for the purpose of our analysis. To discuss the constitutional limbo in Gilgit-Baltistan, the article identifies four strategic players: the federal government, the provincial, the Shia Muslims in Gilgit-Baltistan, and the Sunni Muslims in Gilgit-Baltistan. Their strategies, preferences, and payoffs have been highlighted. The simple sequential game has an outcome of “status-quo, which is in harmony with the existing political status of the region. The status-quo of the region will continue until the players decide to play different strategies. The outcome will tilt in the favor of the player with most political influence.
Pakistan remained under military domination for about 32 years (1958-1971,1977-1988 and 1999 to 2... more Pakistan remained under military domination for about 32 years (1958-1971,1977-1988 and 1999 to 2008). The perpetual influence of military overshadowed the civilian in one way or the other. To analyze civil-military nexus accurately, it is necessary to assess how both civil and military leaders handle policy discrepancies between them. The entire concept of the overall civil-military nexus is broadly based on the fact of how to assure civil control over the military. During Musharrafs regime, various nonmilitary practices with the vested interest of the military as a priority encouraged the military greatly while the civilians were kept in the background. But in spite of such defiance towards the army, a sound political leadership could not be brought forward to stand against military power and to keep them confined to their barracks. The civilian power that has governed the country encompasses two families monopoly i.e. the Bhutto and Sharif
Indus Basin Treaty which was brokered by the World Bank for resolving water issues between Pakist... more Indus Basin Treaty which was brokered by the World Bank for resolving water issues between Pakistan and India. Despite persistent hostilities and wars between the two arch-rivals, the treaty has functioned well and is still crucial for Pakistans water security and peace of the region. However, owing to increasing tension of water shortage in both Pakistan and India strains arise over the treaty. Growing Pakistani demands for water and sustained Indian construction of hydropower projects, as well as other dams on western rivers, have raised threats regarding the survivability of the treaty. Presently the treaty has come under intense threats after Uri attacks. Due to this incident some Indian commentators recommended abrogation, while some circles proposed revision of the treaty. However, questions arise whether revision of the treaty suit Pakistans interests? Will the treaty survive in the face of current crisis? What is Pakistans current stand on the issue?
The US presidential elections are over and to the astonishment of media, surveys and polls; Donal... more The US presidential elections are over and to the astonishment of media, surveys and polls; Donald Trump won a stunning victory over his democratic rival Hillary by 289 electoral votes. The election results were surprising and may not be digested by many Americans for long time and especially for the Democrats. The stunning victory of Trump does not seem so dramatic if the past elections are analyzed. This paper identifies few patterns through the analysis of past elections that support the Republican victory in the Elections 2016. This article highlights those patterns calling them the Trumps Triumph Cards and correlates them with the results of the current election. This paper identifies that the Role of the White Population, Population with 40+ years of age, The Rubio Factor in Florida, the vote of White Women, the increasing millennial Vote and the voting collapse for democrats were the contributing factors for Trumps dramatic win over Hillary Clinton. The data is collected from...
With the idea of ‘change’ in exiting social system of Pakistan mainly by eradicating corruption, ... more With the idea of ‘change’ in exiting social system of Pakistan mainly by eradicating corruption, Pakistani Tehrik-e-Insaf emerged in 1996, under the leadership of renowned cricket player Imran Khan. He pledged to promote justice and the establishment of a welfare state. However, the party could hardly attain electoral success until 2012 when it reached on national political peaks. Majority of the Pakistani youth from urban areas follow the party agenda with a new zenith. Unlike other political parties, PTI pledged to challenge the existing transmissible-monarchy and decided to holds the intra party election. By using different primary and secondary sources, this article tries to focus on PTI’s intra party elections in order to denounce the existing socio-political culture of Pakistan, yet it could hardly achieve the said goals in the presence of “old-guard” in the front lines of party leadership.
Khilafat Movement provided an opportunity to the Ulema of sub-continent to take part in active po... more Khilafat Movement provided an opportunity to the Ulema of sub-continent to take part in active politics, however, Anjuman-i-Khuddam-i-Kaaba which was the first ever organized confrontation with the British raj. It eventually resulted in the formation of Jamiat Ulema-i-Hind (JUH). Although Majlis-iAhrar-i-Islam, emerged as an effective instrument of Deobandi activism yet it denounced the creation of an independent Muslim state. Majority of Ulema believed that with the demise of British regime in India, the Muslims being a strong minority, could not be impoverished, therefore, JUH worked closely with the Congress. Interestingly, the history of the Ulema has been one of their perpetual conflicts with intelligentsia and the creation of Pakistan by the moderate leadership was a great setback for the “nationalist” Ulema. However, they failed to create a political constituency and continued to tag along with the Muslim League. Yet, JUI time and again denounced socialism and advocated the I...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2014
The recent uprising in the Middle East astonished the entire world when volcano of human patience... more The recent uprising in the Middle East astonished the entire world when volcano of human patience erupted in the strategically most important region of the World-the Middle East. It is also known as the Middle East uprising. Taking start from Tunisia, one of the most developed oil producing country of the region, this wave of change took the neighboring countries into its folds. Some dictators bowed before it while others lost lives. Several social, economic and political factors were responsible for this uprising. But media especially the internet was the vehicle to bring the Arab youth closer to each other and spread awareness among them. It is also an irrefutable fact that still the Arabs have to go a long way to get their most basic rightright of self-determination. Even now, there are sheikhdoms, monarchies and worst type of dictatorships that are the main stumbling-blocks in the process of democratization of the Middle East. This paper will take into account all the factors that contributed to bring about this change in the region. It will explore the internal and external dynamics of this uprising and its impacts upon the future political, economic and social scenario of the region and the world. It will highlight the fact that how relevant is the political Islam to these revolutionary movements. The role of Islamist parties in the future setup will be brought to the forth. The impacts of this new trend upon the global politics will also be discussed.
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2014
This research paper aims to examine the Pakistan-Iran Relationship in the context of Regional and... more This research paper aims to examine the Pakistan-Iran Relationship in the context of Regional and International challenges emanated after 9/11 (2001). It will explore the internal and external challenges to the relationship, especially the role of US and India. I will also analyze the options available to the two partners for improving their relationship in order to enhance its efficacy and durability. Pakistan is an Islamic country which has been influenced by the U.S. preventing the free development of her society and stabbing her political autonomy. India on the other hand is increasing her influence in the South Asian security complex by making relations with the western neighbours of Pakistan. The Indo-US strategic partnership is also polarizing the balance of power in Indian favour thus sandwiching Pakistan on the east and west and seriously jeopardizing the external security milieu of Pakistan. This paper analyzes Pakistan-Iran relationship in the context of this web of relations among the contending and cooperating powers.
Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions inherited from the colonial era which have minim... more Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions inherited from the colonial era which have minimal roots in its diverse soil led to political wrangling in federating units for more representational space in the federal structure. Conflict management through the engineering of an inclusive electoral system in Pakistan is the aim of this paper. The challenge of changing demographics and the demand for a fair share in power can be met with the introduction of a suitable reform package as set forth by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in its verdict in June 2012. With this decision in view, this paper attempts to examine a feasible way to introduce a less perilous electoral packa
Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions
inherited from the colonial era which have minim... more Pakistan needs reforms in electoral institutions inherited from the colonial era which have minimal roots in its diverse soil led to political wrangling in federating units for more representational space in the federal structure. Conflict management through the engineering of an inclusive electoral system in Pakistan is the aim of this paper. The challenge of changing demographics and the demand for a fair share in power can be met with the introduction of a suitable reform package as set forth by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in its verdict in June 2012. With this decision in view, this paper attempts to examine a feasible way to introduce a less perilous electoral package in Pakistan which can resolve issues of political exclusiveness.
The US presidential elections are over and to the astonishment of media, surveys and polls; Donal... more The US presidential elections are over and to the astonishment of media, surveys and polls; Donald Trump won a stunning victory over his democratic rival Hillary by 289 electoral votes. The election results were surprising and may not be digested by many Americans for long time and especially for the Democrats. The stunning victory of Trump does not seem so dramatic if the past elections are analyzed. This paper identifies few patterns through the analysis of past elections that support the Republican victory in the Elections 2016. This article highlights those patterns calling them the "Trump's Triumph Cards" and correlates them with the results of the current election. This paper identifies that the Role of the White Population, Population with 40+ years of age, The Rubio Factor in Florida, the vote of White Women, the increasing millennial Vote and the voting collapse for democrats were the contributing factors for Trump's dramatic win over Hillary Clinton. The data is collected from national polls' surveys and statistical departments and tabulated.
Indus Basin Treaty which was brokered by the World Bank for resolving water issues between Pakist... more Indus Basin Treaty which was brokered by the World Bank for resolving water issues between Pakistan and India. Despite persistent hostilities and wars between the two arch-rivals, the treaty has functioned well and is still crucial for Pakistan's water security and peace of the region. However, owing to increasing tension of water shortage in both Pakistan and India strains arise over the treaty. Growing Pakistani demands for water and sustained Indian construction of hydropower projects, as well as other dams on western rivers, have raised threats regarding the survivability of the treaty. Presently the treaty has come under intense threats after Uri attacks. Due to this incident some Indian commentators recommended abrogation, while some circles proposed revision of the treaty. However, questions arise whether revision of the treaty suit Pakistan's interests? Will the treaty survive in the face of current crisis? What is Pakistan's current stand on the issue?
Khilafat Movement provided an opportunity to the Ulema of sub-continent to take part in active po... more Khilafat Movement provided an opportunity to the Ulema of sub-continent to take part in active politics, however, Anjuman-i-Khuddam-i-Kaaba which was the first ever organized confrontation with the British raj. It eventually resulted in the formation of Jamiat Ulema-i-Hind (JUH). Although Majlis-i-Ahrar-i-Islam, emerged as an effective instrument of Deobandi activism yet it denounced the creation of an independent Muslim state. Majority of Ulema believed that with the demise of British regime in India, the Muslims being a strong minority, could not be impoverished, therefore, JUH worked closely with the Congress. Interestingly, the history of the Ulema has been one of their perpetual conflicts with intelligentsia and the creation of Pakistan by the moderate leadership was a great setback for the "nationalist" Ulema. However, they failed to create a political constituency and continued to tag along with the Muslim League. Yet, JUI time and again denounced socialism and advocated the Islamic system for Pakistan. After 1970 Elections, both NAP and JUI emerged as majority parties in NWFP and Baluchistan. During the study, it will be analyzed that how JUI, a conservative Islamic party could form an alliance with NAP that had won the elections on the basis of secular ideas.
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Papers by Manzoor Ahmad
inherited from the colonial era which have minimal
roots in its diverse soil led to political wrangling in federating units for
more representational space in the federal structure. Conflict
management through the engineering of an inclusive electoral system
in Pakistan is the aim of this paper. The challenge of changing
demographics and the demand for a fair share in power can be met
with the introduction of a suitable reform package as set forth by the
Supreme Court of Pakistan in its verdict in June 2012. With this
decision in view, this paper attempts to examine a feasible way to
introduce a less perilous electoral package in Pakistan which can
resolve issues of political exclusiveness.
inherited from the colonial era which have minimal
roots in its diverse soil led to political wrangling in federating units for
more representational space in the federal structure. Conflict
management through the engineering of an inclusive electoral system
in Pakistan is the aim of this paper. The challenge of changing
demographics and the demand for a fair share in power can be met
with the introduction of a suitable reform package as set forth by the
Supreme Court of Pakistan in its verdict in June 2012. With this
decision in view, this paper attempts to examine a feasible way to
introduce a less perilous electoral package in Pakistan which can
resolve issues of political exclusiveness.