Papers by Hafeez Ullah Khan
Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 2018
The Gulen Movement, also known as Hizmet (which means 'service') in Turkish, is a faith-based, ed... more The Gulen Movement, also known as Hizmet (which means 'service') in Turkish, is a faith-based, educational, cultural and non-political movement which is inspired by the universal principles of Islam and the ideas and activism of Fethullah.. This paper gives an outline of the origin, purpose and history of the Gulen Movement. The life and philosophy of the Fethullah and the impact of his movement on the sociopolitical scenario of Turkey is analyzed. The Gulen Movement, in essence, is an Islam-based (non-political) movement which aims to combine a modern interpretation of Islam with Turkish nationalism and statism. In short, the Gulen Movement aims to balance Islamic values with the Kemalist political system. It has also presented a modern and positive image of Islam and has tried to reintegrate Islam with the rest of the world. Moreover, it has succeeded in initiating inter-faith and inter-cultural dialogue in Turkey and has succeeded to a large extent in creating tolerance and harmony among Turkey's diverse ethnic, political and religious groups. The Gulen movement started as an educational and cultural movement but it seems it would not keep distance from politics for a long time and once it enters the political arena, it would definitely be in the name of 'Political Islam'.
NICE Research Journal, 2017
Democracy, as defined by Lincoln, is “government of the people by the people, and for the people”... more Democracy, as defined by Lincoln, is “government of the people by the people, and for the people” (1). Political parties around the globe function under the same ideology. On the contrary, the true democratic process is not fully observed within these parties. Though this observation is applicable globally to nearly all political parties in one way or another, in Pakistan, similar to other third world countries, the political parties have growing scarcity of the democratic culture. If party elections and voting are held to some extent, it is taken merely as a ritual or legal binding only. As a practice, one finds an authoritarian approach, hegemony, oligarchy and limited freedom of decision-making provided to members of parties.
Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, 2017
Most of the heterogeneous populated states consist of different ethnic communities. Each ethnic i... more Most of the heterogeneous populated states consist of different ethnic communities. Each ethnic identity has different voices and demands, for the accomplishment of which, a continuous struggle is going on, influencing the national politics. Pakistan like other developing states of the world is also in front of identity crisis almost in all federating units with different concerns. These concerns are sometimes ethno-nationality, decentralization of powers, provincial autonomy and economic discrepancies. Balochistan's territory is though known for possessing huge economic potentials in terms of mineral resources and vast expanse of geography but these opportunities can only be availed if Baloch-Brahvi or Baloch-Punjabi tensions are culminated due to which mega projects like Gawader Port, Gas Pipelines or railway lines planned at the central level do not reach to their accomplishment. So after the dismemberment of East Pakistan, the most sensitive and hot issue is the case of Balochistan's ethno-national movement which sometimes in different occasions seem to be transformed to a militant or an insurgent group for fulfillment of their objectives. This paper is an analysis of Balochistan's ethnic movement and its consequences.
Syria: History, The Civil War and Peace Prospects, 2017
When the 'Arab Spring' reached Syria, its Pharaoh, Bashar al-Assad, was in no mood to give up eas... more When the 'Arab Spring' reached Syria, its Pharaoh, Bashar al-Assad, was in no mood to give up easily. The brutal repression of peaceful anti-government protests pushed the country towards a civil war. The Syrian government, the opposition rebels, foreign powers and Islamic militants are all the architects of the Syrian quagmire. The war has led to catastrophic consequences. Hundreds of thousands of people have been massacred with ancient towns and modern cities being turned into rubble. The war has brought devastation to Syria. Firstly, there has been a huge loss in terms of human deaths and damages to property. The war has created a huge refugee crisis. Millions of Syrians have been uprooted from their homes due to the war. The Syrian Crisis has given us a few lessons. The first of such lessons is that dictators and oppressors cannot rule easily. They will face resistance and opposition until the spirit of freedom is alive in human beings. We also learned that the lust for power can lead mankind to commit brutalities of the worst kind. It was also observed that nation-states view international politics through the lens of 'self-interest' and have lost sight of a peaceful vision for the world.
Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, 2018
India and Pakistan are two next-door neighbors in South Asia, with drastic conflicting and hostil... more India and Pakistan are two next-door neighbors in South Asia, with drastic conflicting and hostile relations. Since the independence of both countries in August 1947 from British rule. Both countries have fought many wars on the territorial dispute of Kashmir, which is one of the root causes of conflict between two countries. Instead of resolving different issues between them through conciliation, diplomacy and dialogues, they have resorted to the use of different strategies, both offensive and defensive, in different times, to resolve different issues between them including Kashmir issue, informally, through the use of force. Indian's Cold Start Doctrine (CSD) is one of those strategies which is aimed to gain limited Military-cum-political objectives by making shallow penetration into Pakistan. The existence of proactive strategy like Cold Start Doctrine (CSD) can engulf the whole of South Asian region, which is strategically important and most vibrant region in the world.. This research paper will bring to light all the elements and Modus Operandi of Cold Start Doctrine (CSD) and possible response from Pakistan and defense capability of both countries.
Journal of Political Studies, 2018
Indian percepts of China are biased by dread of Chinese hegemony; at present, many individuals in... more Indian percepts of China are biased by dread of Chinese hegemony; at present, many individuals in Indian security establishment has positioned China a greater menace than ever before. This paper investigates Sino-India relationship and Indian responses to Chinese 'OBOR' (One Belt, One Road) project by examining the extent and nature of their relationship within the diplomatic, geopolitical, economic, and defense spheres. There is power struggle between China and India for the dominance on Indian Ocean. The Indians perceive Chinese Maritime Silk Road projects as Indian encirclement with the development of ports projects in Indian Ocean, which are part of Chinese "String of Pearls" strategy. Chinese military naval ships and submarine presence in the number of ports around the Indian Ocean has made India anxious, the Indian policy experts perceive it as a threat to their national security and interest.
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Papers by Hafeez Ullah Khan