History-Archaeology

Adion oÙdn oerwtoj § d' Ôlbia, deÚtera p£nta «Σίπμηα πζμ βθοηυ απυ ημκ ένςηα· ™st…n ¢pÕ stÒmatoj d' oeptusa kaˆ tÕ mšli. ηαζ υθ' αοηά πμο ηα θέκε "εοηοπίεξ," είκαζ toàto lšgei Noss…j t…na d' ¡ KÚprij oÙk ™f…lhsen, ηαηχηενα, αηυια ηαζ ημ ιέθζ απ' ημ ζηυ-oÙk oden t»na g', ¥nqea po‹a ·Òda. ια θηφκς». Αοηυ θέεζ δ Νμζζίδα· ηζ υπμζμκ δ Κφπνζδα δεκ αβάπδζε, αοηυξ Παθαηζκή Ακεμθμβία, Δ, 170 δε βκςνίγεζ ηζ θμβήξ θμοθμφδζα είκαζ ηα νυδα. 1 Ηζίμδμξ, Θεμβμκία, 115-122. 2 Πθάηςκαξ, οιπυζζμ, 178c. 3 Δονζπίδδξ Απμζπάζιαηα, 897, pa…deuma d' "Erwj sof…aj ¢retÁj ple‹ston Øp£rcei..... tÕ d' ™r©n prolšgw to‹si nšoisin m»pote feÚgein, crÁsqai d' Ñrqîj, Ótan oelqV.

Τιμητικός τόμος για τον καθηγητή Ιωάννη Ακαμάτη 5 Η Πέλλα είναι σήμερα ένας από τους σημαντικότερους επισκέψιμους αρχαιολογικούς χώρους της Ελλάδας που συνδυαστικά με το νεόδμητο μουσείο διαμορφώνουν ένα μοναδικό αρχαιολογικό σύνολο. Σε αυτό το έργο, που παρήχθη, η συμβολή του καθηγητή κ. Ιωάννη Ακαμάτη υπήρξε καθοριστική. Αφοσιωμένος επιστήμονας με ακούραστη διάθεση επικέντρωσε την επιστημονική του έρευνα στην ανασκαφή και τη μελέτη της Αγοράς της Πέλλας και έφερε στο φως το μεγάλο αυτό συγκρότημα που μας επέτρεψε να κατανοήσουμε το μέγεθος της αρχαίας πρωτεύουσας και το ρόλο της στον ελληνιστικό κόσμο.

The paper presents the pottery from forty-seven graves of the Hellenistic west cemetery of Pella, that were investigated in 2006 during rescue excavation in the area of the central archaeological site of Pella. The pottery from the graves under consideration, spans roughly three centuries, from the second half of the 4 th cent. to the 1 st cent. B. C. The deposits of different types of ceramic shapes, which have been found inside and outside the graves, are selected as the subject for analysis. Goals of the paper are to contribute to the study of the characteristics of the ceramic workshop of Pella and to detect external influences, to show similarities between the workshops of different regions in Macedonia during the Hellenistic period and to contribute to the question of whether the funerary pottery of Pella was produced and commercialized as such. In 2006, as part of the construction of the southern bypass road around the central archaeological site of Pella, the rescue excavations revealed part of the west cemetery of Pella 1 . The excavated part of the necropolis occupied an area of 5.5 stremma and the largest part was located outside the west wall of the city (fig. ). Forty-seven of the 421 burials investigated date to the second half of the 4 th cent. B. C. to the 1 st cent. B. C., belonging to the late Classical -Hellenistic cemetery of Pella, and 374 belong to the Roman era, more specifically from the 1 st cent. A. D. to the first quarter of the 4 th cent. A. D. Regarding the typology of the burials in the late Classical -Hellenistic cemetery, the tileroofed burials were dominant with several rock-cut chamber tombs and very few burials in clay vessels. Unfortunately, several tombs were found destroyed or very partially preserved, due to the re-use of the area as part of the Roman west cemetery. Inhumations with the deceased placed in a supine position were most common, while cremations were also present. Most burials included grave goods, while it should be noted that coins, which are the main dating artefact, were only found in few burials 2 . The study of the pottery from the late Classical -Hellenistic west cemetery of Pella offers a good overview of the typology of the vessels used as grave goods at the cemetery of the Macedonian kingdom's capital from the second half of the 4 th cent. B. C. to the 1 st cent. B. C., complementing our knowledge on ceramic production in the region (fig. ). The increased use of unguentaria (perfume bottles) as opposed to other ceramic categories is evident through the study of the material. Each burial typically contained two unguentaria, while more were found in the rock-cut chamber tombs, because they were used as family tombs and were in use for a longer amount of time. The dominance of unguentaria in the region of Macedonia compared to other types of vessels is commonplace, as attested in the cemeteries of Beroia, Thessaloniki, Edessa and Pella 3 . The cemetery of Stobi is an exception 4 . The extensive use of unguentaria is explainable by the needs of the burial ritual. After their use in the ritual, the unguen-

Το σχέδιο είναι έργο του καθηγητή της Σχολής Καλών Τεχνών του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης Ξ. Σαχίνη, εμπνευσμένο από τον γνωστό κορινθιακό πίνακα από τα Πεντεσκούφια. Τον ευχαριστούμε θερμά. Στο βάθος αποδίδεται το φύλλο πηλού που προέρχεται από την ανασκαφή του Τομέα Τσακιρίδη στη Βεργίνα. FRONT COVER Drawing created by X. Sachinis, Professor at the School of Fine Arts of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, inspired by the famous Corinthian pinax from Penteskoufia. We ought to him our thanks. In the background is depicted the clay plaque unearthed at the Tsakiridis Sector in Vergina.

Ιστορικό και αρχαιολογικό περίγραµµα Εποχή του Λίθου Ντούσκα Ούρεµ-Κώτσου-Μιχάλης Φωτιάδης 30 Εποχή του Χαλκού (3η και 2η χιλιετία π.Χ.) Στέλιος Ανδρέου 38 Εποχή του Σιδήρου (1050-480 π.Χ.) Μιχάλης Τιβέριος 46 Κλασικοί χρόνοι (480-323 π.Χ.) Πολυξένη Αδάµ-Βελένη 56 Ελληνιστικοί χρόνοι (336-168 π.Χ.) Ιωάννης Τουράτσογλου 66 Ρωµαϊκοί χρόνοι (168 π.Χ.-4ος αι. µ.Χ) Εµµανουήλ Βουτυράς 72

Two pit graves of children of the West Cemetery of Pella contained the majority of the 27 figurines of teenage boys wearing kausia. These figurines follow an iconographic type with a wide geographical expansion, which depicts young boys or children wearing the Macedonian costume, consisted of chitoniskos, chlamys and krepides. In Macedonia this type and its variants are found in the area of Thessaloniki, Amfipolis, Acanthus and Potidaea, however the cemetery of Pella offers the most numerous assemblage. The figurines from Pella depict boys standing, reclining or sitting, copying iconographic types of the god Attis. There is a deliberate imitation-connection with Attis, a god who protects children. These figurines do not only function as grave goods-kterismata that accompany
the young dead but have probably a ceremonial role and are related except Attis with other deities such as Kybele and Demeter.