Khaled Arafat

Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture/Assiut University- New Valley, Faculty Member

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Plant Pathologist
Phone: +2 01062388723
Address: Dr. Khaled Arafat
Faculty of Agriculture/Assiut University- New Valley

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Anatomical Changes Associated with Mango Seedlings Root Rot

Seven fungal genera were isolated from diseased mango seedlings originated from seed grown in dif... more Seven fungal genera were isolated from diseased mango seedlings originated from seed grown in different nurseries located in three Egyptian governorates during seasons of 2010 and 2011. The fungus Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. was the most frequently isolated fungi followed by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. and Fusarium solani (Mart) Sacc. while Pestalotiopsis sp. was the lowest frequent one. The most pathogenic fungus was B. theobromae compared to Pestalatiopsis sp., which caused the lowest percentage of root rot infection. Anantomical changes studies of transverse and longitudinal root sections, using light microscope after 30 days from artificial infection, revealed that the cortex layer was completely colonized by B. theobromae, F. solani compared with R. solani, which attack and colonized firstly the lateral and hairy roots. This colonization was associated with disorganized epidermal and cortical cells in addition to a dark brown color consisting of crushed and necrotic cells and tissues. Such disorders were not observed in un-inoculated mango seedling. Forty five days after artificial inoculation with B. theobromae or F. solani the fungal hyphae were clearly noticed in both xylem vessels and xylem parenchyma causing necrosis and deposition of dark material like gum as well as abundant production of tylosis. There were correlation between histological changes and disease development, at the time of inoculation, the foliar appeared vigorously green colored and erect. The inoculated seedling after 30 day was paler, less vigorous, and less rigid than those of noninoculated ones. In the end of experimental after 45 days, seedlings became yellow, wilting and finally the seedlings were dead and turned brown.

Anatomical Changes Associated with Mango Seedlings Root Rot

by Mahmoud Kamhawy and Khaled Arafat

Detection, Disease Severity and Chlorophyll Prediction of Date Palm Leaf Spot Fungal Diseases

New Valley Journal of Agricultural Science, 2021

Date palm leaves are infected with the fungal pathogens genus viz., Alternaria, Curvularia, Asper... more Date palm leaves are infected with the fungal pathogens genus viz., Alternaria, Curvularia, Aspergillius and Neoscytalidium causing leaf spot diseases. The evaluation of chlorophyll content in the infected seedlings possibly could provide a good indicator for a degree of disease or infection, and changes during pathogenesis. Date palm seedlings at three-month-old were infected with 6 pathogenic fungal inoculums were tested. Disease severity% (DS%) and chlorophyll (Chl) contents using a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) meter were recorded at 15. 30 and 45 days after inoculation. Pearson's correlation analysis, Durbin Watson and regression analysis were performed to evaluate the relationship between the variables. It was found that the relationship between DS% with fungi, chlorophyll and days were in multiple regression models (R 2 =91.88 and 91.87%, respectively). While, the relationship between chlorophyll with fungi, DS% and days were in multiple regression models (R 2 =92.22 and 92.20%, respectively). The SPAD chlorophyll value could be considered as a better alternative over the DS% as the SPAD chlorophyll value was strongly related to DS%, as well as able to detect physiological changes in the infected date palm at the early stages of leaf spot pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of the relationship between disease severity % with fungi, chlorophyll and days for the detection and quantification of date palm leaf spot diseases This is the first research study done to study the relationship between DS%, chlorophyll and time on date palm leaf spot fungal diseases.

Khaled Arafat

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