{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/W4293352406","doi":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.2208.12079","title":"Bridging the View Disparity Between Radar and Camera Features for Multi-modal Fusion 3D Object Detection","display_name":"Bridging the View Disparity Between Radar and Camera Features for Multi-modal Fusion 3D Object Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/W4293352406","doi":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.2208.12079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2208.12079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2208.12079","pdf_url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2208.12079","source":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https:\/\/openalex.org\/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2208.12079","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/A5012034336","display_name":"Taohua Zhou","orcid":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1067-0636"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhou, Taohua","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/A5075170109","display_name":"Yining Shi","orcid":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2930-6164"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi, Yining","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/A5029997927","display_name":"Junjie Chen","orcid":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7835-3565"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Junjie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/A5100786441","display_name":"Kun Jiang","orcid":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4995-7244"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang, Kun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/A5100524885","display_name":"Mengmeng Yang","orcid":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4770-0648"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang, Mengmeng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/A5100735948","display_name":"Diange Yang","orcid":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0074-2448"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang, Diange","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https:\/\/openalex.org\/A5012034336"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/subfields\/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/fields\/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/domains\/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/subfields\/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/fields\/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/domains\/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9764999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/subfields\/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/fields\/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/domains\/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9575999975204468,"subfield":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/subfields\/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/fields\/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/domains\/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8111668825149536},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7696200609207153},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.711007833480835},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5579751133918762},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5472185611724854},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.5065039396286011},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.5006892681121826},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.49635225534439087},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.4778968095779419},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/image-fusion","display_name":"Image fusion","score":0.47126293182373047},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4583567678928375},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.41785621643066406},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4050370752811432},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.22711342573165894},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.21341240406036377},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/keywords\/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1635074019432068}],"concepts":[{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C154945302","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8111668825149536},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C31972630","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7696200609207153},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C41008148","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.711007833480835},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C63479239","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5579751133918762},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C554190296","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5472185611724854},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C71139939","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.5065039396286011},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C158525013","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.5006892681121826},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C118505674","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.49635225534439087},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C2776151529","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4778968095779419},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C69744172","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q860822","display_name":"Image fusion","level":3,"score":0.47126293182373047},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C52622490","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4583567678928375},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C51399673","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.41785621643066406},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C153180895","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4050370752811432},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C62649853","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.22711342573165894},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C115961682","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.21341240406036377},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C205649164","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1635074019432068},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C104317684","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C41895202","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C138885662","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C111919701","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C76155785","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C188027245","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C185592680","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/C55493867","wikidata":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2208.12079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2208.12079","pdf_url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2208.12079","source":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https:\/\/openalex.org\/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550\/arxiv.2208.12079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.2208.12079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https:\/\/openalex.org\/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2208.12079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2208.12079","pdf_url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2208.12079","source":{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https:\/\/openalex.org\/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https:\/\/metadata.un.org\/sdg\/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/G2104653401","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M","funder_id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/G4609837492","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M701897","funder_id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/G7458066130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1864203","funder_id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/G7651152235","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52102396","funder_id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https:\/\/openalex.org\/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https:\/\/content.openalex.org\/works\/W4293352406.pdf","grobid_xml":"https:\/\/content.openalex.org\/works\/W4293352406.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https:\/\/openalex.org\/W2788731446","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W2204403038","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W3152170969","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W2379054866","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W2549658594","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W2095903272","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W2370195708","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W1490651872","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W2350422455","https:\/\/openalex.org\/W2139242969"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Environmental":[0],"perception":[1],"with":[2,62,101,114],"the":[3,42,46,102,111,138,142,147,161],"multi-modal":[4,112],"fusion":[5,32,44,117],"of":[6],"radar":[7,28,58,72],"and":[8,19,29,65,91,121,131,155],"camera":[9,30],"is":[10,55],"crucial":[11,149],"in":[12],"autonomous":[13],"driving":[14],"to":[15,67,82,99],"increase":[16],"accuracy,":[17],"completeness,":[18],"robustness.":[20],"This":[21],"paper":[22],"focuses":[23],"on":[24,160],"utilizing":[25],"millimeter-wave":[26],"(MMW)":[27],"sensor":[31],"for":[33,50,71],"3D":[34,132],"object":[35],"detection.":[36],"A":[37],"novel":[38],"method":[39,140],"that":[40,137],"realizes":[41,141],"feature-level":[43],"under":[45,146],"bird's-eye":[47],"view":[48,104],"(BEV)":[49],"a":[51,68,115,125],"better":[52],"feature":[53,73],"representation":[54],"proposed.":[56],"Firstly,":[57],"points":[59],"are":[60,86,97],"augmented":[61],"temporal":[63],"accumulation":[64],"sent":[66],"spatial-temporal":[69],"encoder":[70],"extraction.":[74],"Meanwhile,":[75],"multi-scale":[76],"image":[77,89,95],"2D":[78],"features":[79,96,113],"which":[80],"adapt":[81],"various":[83],"spatial":[84],"scales":[85],"obtained":[87],"by":[88],"backbone":[90],"neck":[92],"model.":[93],"Then,":[94],"transformed":[98],"BEV":[100],"designed":[103],"transformer.":[105],"In":[106],"addition,":[107],"this":[108],"work":[109],"fuses":[110],"two-stage":[116],"model":[118],"called":[119],"point-fusion":[120],"ROI-fusion,":[122],"respectively.":[123],"Finally,":[124],"detection":[126,150,157],"head":[127],"regresses":[128],"objects":[129],"category":[130],"locations.":[133],"Experimental":[134],"results":[135],"demonstrate":[136],"proposed":[139],"state-of-the-art":[143],"(SOTA)":[144],"performance":[145],"most":[148],"metrics-mean":[151],"average":[152],"precision":[153],"(mAP)":[154],"nuScenes":[156,163],"score":[158],"(NDS)":[159],"challenging":[162],"dataset.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2022-08-27T00:00:00"}