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In this study, we chose a 648-bp segment of the mitochondrial gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), as a standard barcode region to establish phylogenetic relationships among brine shrimp (Artemia) species from major habitats around the world and further focused on the biodiversity of Artemia species in China, especially in the Tibetan Plateau. Samples from five major salt lakes of the Tibetan Plateau located at altitudes over 4,000\u2009m showed clear differences from other Artemia populations in China. We also observed two consistent amino acid changes, 153A\/V and 183L\/F, in the COI gene between the high and low altitude species in China. Moreover, indels in the COI sequence were identified in cyst and adult samples unique to the Co Qen population from the Tibetan Plateau, demonstrating the need for additional investigations of the mitochondrial genome among Tibetan Artemia populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/s1672-0229(09)60003-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]],"date-time":"2009-03-30T20:43:59Z","timestamp":1238445839000},"page":"155-162","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Phylogenetic Analysis of Brine Shrimp (<i>Artemia<\/i>) in China Using DNA Barcoding"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100029 , China"},{"name":"Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049 , China"}]},{"given":"Qibin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100029 , China"},{"name":"James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310008 , China"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100029 , China"},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, 110016 , China"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Bossier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University , Ghent, B-9000 , China"}]},{"given":"Gilbert","family":"Van Stappen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University , Ghent, B-9000 , Belgium"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Sorgeloos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University , Ghent, B-9000 , Belgium"}]},{"given":"Naihong","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salt Research Institute , Tianjin, 300450 , China"}]},{"given":"Qishi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, 110016 , China"}]},{"given":"Songnian","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100029 , China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100029 , China"},{"name":"James D. 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