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This paper explores swarm intelligence metaheuristics including particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony system (ACS), and artificial bee colony (ABC) to solve the student grouping problem and create heterogeneous groups. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 24:831\u2013842, 2016; View this article online at<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.wileyonlinelibrary.com\/journal\/cae\">wileyonlinelibrary.com\/journal\/cae<\/jats:ext-link>; DOI<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1002\/cae.21752\">10.1002\/cae.21752<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.21752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]],"date-time":"2016-06-13T11:32:54Z","timestamp":1465817574000},"page":"831-842","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Solving the student grouping problem in e\u2010learning systems using swarm intelligence metaheuristics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Hamad","family":"Alhunitah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University P.O. Box 51178 Riyadh 11543 Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Mohamed El Bachir","family":"Menai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University P.O. 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