Main Factors and key factor changes in ISO 17025:2017 over ISO 17025:2005, New requirements , Do... more Main Factors and key factor changes in ISO 17025:2017 over ISO 17025:2005, New requirements , Documents required, Risk Analysis
Recent Trends in VLSI Design & its research issues in Industry Compliance its consist of the foll... more Recent Trends in VLSI Design & its research issues in Industry Compliance its consist of the following
1. Over View - VLSI 2. Research Methodology 3. Recent Research 4. Industrial Need 5. Industrial requirement 6. ULSI 7. Research Area- Funding Agencies in India
— As technology shrinks, the power dissipated by the links of a network-on-chip (NoC) starts to c... more — As technology shrinks, the power dissipated by the links of a network-on-chip (NoC) starts to compete with the power dissipated by the other elements of the communication subsystem, namely, the routers and the network interfaces (NIs).In this project we present a set of data encoding schemes aimed at reducing the power dissipated by the links of an NoC. The proposed schemes are general and transparent with respect to the underlying NoC fabric (i.e., their application does not require any modification of the routers and link architecture).The proposed encoder will be coded in HDL and simulated using Xilinx 12.1.
Abstract— In this approach, based on our studies, we have introduced GaAs alloy for a multilayer ... more Abstract— In this approach, based on our studies, we have introduced GaAs alloy for a multilayer cavity structure. In this paper DFG procedures have been proposed a terahertz frequency generations on (113) B substrates. In this, alloys are formed of GaAs suitable proportions of aluminum, magnesium, zinc, gallium arsenide vice versa which constitute for building a substrate layer. The femto second laser pulses cover two modes. The second order non-linear polarization induced by a 100fs Gaussian pulses to identify terahertz DFG in the GaAs alloy [GaAs+MgGa+Zn+Al] on multilayer cavity. The waveforms were simulated through faster Fourier component method and also fast Fourier transforms (FFT). The layers between the cavity modes were clearly noticed. The capability of the present scheme is limited to generate high energy and reshaped terahertz pulses. In this proposal we replaced Fourier components by fast Fourier transform and to achieve a better angular frequency. The running losses were negligible compared to static delays (components and path delay). The frequency and voltage ranges were increased and its excitation time period was reduced to tackle particular issue.
Index Terms— GaAs, GaAsAlloy, FFT, DFG, Multicavity layer.
Abstract— The Surveillance and the recent research on Fire work accidents are only deals with the... more Abstract— The Surveillance and the recent research on Fire work accidents are only deals with the manual preventions, awareness and how to avoid the accidents during the manufacturing process of safety matches and fire crackers. Explosive accidents occur frequently, resulting in heavy losses of human lives, injuries to workers, and of losses materials and money. But these people not yet try to any kind of preventions sensors or any engineering appliances. The main cause of Fire accidents (90% accidents) are from GUN POWDER, In this Gunpowder not only explosives at the period of higher temperature (near to 35-45º) which also destroyed the entire things below the mentioned temperature. So in this long surveillance deals and proposed that the temperature and smoke alarm sensor are supported to the workers and prevent from heavier damages. The Chemical reactions also the main factor to create the fire explosions, our recent survey and the recent accidents from our district describes that, wide range of accidents are caused from chemical misbalance. So we also proposed the proper chemical balancing, indications on misbalance of raw materials through recent engineering technique and avoid, save our own people from these kinds of accidents.
Index Terms—Gunpowder, Sensors, Unbalanced Chemical , Firework accidents. Manual preventions.
Abstract— In this paper, the Design automation of drip irrigation system using microcontroller ... more Abstract— In this paper, the Design automation of drip irrigation system using microcontroller is presented. The green house based modern agriculture industries are the recent requirement in every part of agriculture in India. In this technology, the humidity and temperature of plants are precisely monitored and controlled. The major amount of fresh water is utilized by the agricultural industry for irrigation. By using drip irrigation the water will be maintained at the constant level i.e the water will reach the roots by going drop by drop. This is very important because this method can only ensure the survival of the plants. This is a real time feedback control system for monitoring and controlling all the activities of drip irrigation system more efficiently. Irrigation system controls the valves by using automated controller to turn ON & OFF. This allows the farmers to apply the right amount of water at the right time, regardless of the availability of labors to turn ON valves or motor ON & OFF, this module reduces the runoff overwatering saturated soils avoid irrigating at the wrong time. This proposal improves crop performances and help in time saving in all the aspects.
Index Terms—Temperature Sensor, Humidity Sensor, Methane Sensor, Smoke alarm Microcontroller, Relays, Chemical Equalizer.
Abstract— The main objective of this project is to achieve the low linearity errors and obtain th... more Abstract— The main objective of this project is to achieve the low linearity errors and obtain the high accuracy. Another important factor that contributes to the small value of the minimal supply voltage is represented by the proposed architectures of the multiplier/divider circuits, compatible with low-voltage. This project presents two original implementations of improved accuracy current-mode multiplier/divider circuits while the removal of the impact of temperature variations on the circuits’ operation additionally contributes to the increase of the multiplier/dividers’ performances. The current-mode operation and the independence of the circuit performances on technological parameters are responsible for an additional improvement of structure accuracy. The proposed computational structures are designed for implementing in 180nm CMOS technology, with a low-voltage operation (a supply voltage of 1.2 V). The proposed multiplier/divider structures have the most important advantages like the smallest linearity error and an increased bandwidth, when compare with previously reported circuits. Keywords— Analog signal processing, current-mode operation, functional core, multiplier, reconfigurable circuits
This paper presents rectifier with op-amp based active diodes that can be used in Piezoelectric e... more This paper presents rectifier with op-amp based active diodes that can be used in Piezoelectric energy harvesting system applications. A Piezoelectric energy system has two functional sections: a transducer, which converts potential energy into electrical energy; and an electrical interface, which is used to manage this electrical energy. One of the most important parts of the electrical interface is a rectifier, such as an AC-DC converter. This PE energy harvesting is to maximize the extracted power. The proposed rectifier was designed and fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS technology. Keywords— High efficiency rectifier; op-amp-based active-diodes; piezoelectric energy harvesting; digital control block
In this project, the adaptive low power dynamic comparator is used to maximize latch regeneration... more In this project, the adaptive low power dynamic comparator is used to maximize latch regeneration speed and power efficiency. Two comprehensive analyses are used to improve their comparator performance. In this paper, the delay of dynamic comparator was explained briefly a new dynamic comparator is proposed, where the circuit of double-tail dynamic comparator is modified for low power and fast operation even in small supply voltage. These proposed comparators are used to reduce both delay and power consumption. To analyses the simulation results in 0.18μm CMOS technology. It is shown that proposed comparator to reduce both delay and power consumption. Keywords: Double-tail comparator; Dynamic clocked comparator; High speed ADC; Low power analog design
A High speed and reduced -area 2D discrete wavelet transform (2D-DWT) architecture is proposed. P... more A High speed and reduced -area 2D discrete wavelet transform (2D-DWT) architecture is proposed. Previous DWT architecture is mostly based on the modified weighted lifting scheme. In order to achieve a critical path with only one multiplier. Experimental measurement of design performance in terms of area, speed and power for 90nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) implementation are presented, Results indicate that while BP design exhibit inherent speed advantages.DS design requires significantly fewer hardware resource with increased precision and DWT level.. In addition to the BP and DS design, a novel flexible DWT processor is presented, which supports run time and increase the performance of the DWT parameters .In this proposed approach were give an efficient hardware support to the VLSI architecture achieved by Weighted Lifted Wavelet Transform(WLWT).
Main Factors and key factor changes in ISO 17025:2017 over ISO 17025:2005, New requirements , Do... more Main Factors and key factor changes in ISO 17025:2017 over ISO 17025:2005, New requirements , Documents required, Risk Analysis
Recent Trends in VLSI Design & its research issues in Industry Compliance its consist of the foll... more Recent Trends in VLSI Design & its research issues in Industry Compliance its consist of the following
1. Over View - VLSI 2. Research Methodology 3. Recent Research 4. Industrial Need 5. Industrial requirement 6. ULSI 7. Research Area- Funding Agencies in India
— As technology shrinks, the power dissipated by the links of a network-on-chip (NoC) starts to c... more — As technology shrinks, the power dissipated by the links of a network-on-chip (NoC) starts to compete with the power dissipated by the other elements of the communication subsystem, namely, the routers and the network interfaces (NIs).In this project we present a set of data encoding schemes aimed at reducing the power dissipated by the links of an NoC. The proposed schemes are general and transparent with respect to the underlying NoC fabric (i.e., their application does not require any modification of the routers and link architecture).The proposed encoder will be coded in HDL and simulated using Xilinx 12.1.
Abstract— In this approach, based on our studies, we have introduced GaAs alloy for a multilayer ... more Abstract— In this approach, based on our studies, we have introduced GaAs alloy for a multilayer cavity structure. In this paper DFG procedures have been proposed a terahertz frequency generations on (113) B substrates. In this, alloys are formed of GaAs suitable proportions of aluminum, magnesium, zinc, gallium arsenide vice versa which constitute for building a substrate layer. The femto second laser pulses cover two modes. The second order non-linear polarization induced by a 100fs Gaussian pulses to identify terahertz DFG in the GaAs alloy [GaAs+MgGa+Zn+Al] on multilayer cavity. The waveforms were simulated through faster Fourier component method and also fast Fourier transforms (FFT). The layers between the cavity modes were clearly noticed. The capability of the present scheme is limited to generate high energy and reshaped terahertz pulses. In this proposal we replaced Fourier components by fast Fourier transform and to achieve a better angular frequency. The running losses were negligible compared to static delays (components and path delay). The frequency and voltage ranges were increased and its excitation time period was reduced to tackle particular issue.
Index Terms— GaAs, GaAsAlloy, FFT, DFG, Multicavity layer.
Abstract— The Surveillance and the recent research on Fire work accidents are only deals with the... more Abstract— The Surveillance and the recent research on Fire work accidents are only deals with the manual preventions, awareness and how to avoid the accidents during the manufacturing process of safety matches and fire crackers. Explosive accidents occur frequently, resulting in heavy losses of human lives, injuries to workers, and of losses materials and money. But these people not yet try to any kind of preventions sensors or any engineering appliances. The main cause of Fire accidents (90% accidents) are from GUN POWDER, In this Gunpowder not only explosives at the period of higher temperature (near to 35-45º) which also destroyed the entire things below the mentioned temperature. So in this long surveillance deals and proposed that the temperature and smoke alarm sensor are supported to the workers and prevent from heavier damages. The Chemical reactions also the main factor to create the fire explosions, our recent survey and the recent accidents from our district describes that, wide range of accidents are caused from chemical misbalance. So we also proposed the proper chemical balancing, indications on misbalance of raw materials through recent engineering technique and avoid, save our own people from these kinds of accidents.
Index Terms—Gunpowder, Sensors, Unbalanced Chemical , Firework accidents. Manual preventions.
Abstract— In this paper, the Design automation of drip irrigation system using microcontroller ... more Abstract— In this paper, the Design automation of drip irrigation system using microcontroller is presented. The green house based modern agriculture industries are the recent requirement in every part of agriculture in India. In this technology, the humidity and temperature of plants are precisely monitored and controlled. The major amount of fresh water is utilized by the agricultural industry for irrigation. By using drip irrigation the water will be maintained at the constant level i.e the water will reach the roots by going drop by drop. This is very important because this method can only ensure the survival of the plants. This is a real time feedback control system for monitoring and controlling all the activities of drip irrigation system more efficiently. Irrigation system controls the valves by using automated controller to turn ON & OFF. This allows the farmers to apply the right amount of water at the right time, regardless of the availability of labors to turn ON valves or motor ON & OFF, this module reduces the runoff overwatering saturated soils avoid irrigating at the wrong time. This proposal improves crop performances and help in time saving in all the aspects.
Index Terms—Temperature Sensor, Humidity Sensor, Methane Sensor, Smoke alarm Microcontroller, Relays, Chemical Equalizer.
Abstract— The main objective of this project is to achieve the low linearity errors and obtain th... more Abstract— The main objective of this project is to achieve the low linearity errors and obtain the high accuracy. Another important factor that contributes to the small value of the minimal supply voltage is represented by the proposed architectures of the multiplier/divider circuits, compatible with low-voltage. This project presents two original implementations of improved accuracy current-mode multiplier/divider circuits while the removal of the impact of temperature variations on the circuits’ operation additionally contributes to the increase of the multiplier/dividers’ performances. The current-mode operation and the independence of the circuit performances on technological parameters are responsible for an additional improvement of structure accuracy. The proposed computational structures are designed for implementing in 180nm CMOS technology, with a low-voltage operation (a supply voltage of 1.2 V). The proposed multiplier/divider structures have the most important advantages like the smallest linearity error and an increased bandwidth, when compare with previously reported circuits. Keywords— Analog signal processing, current-mode operation, functional core, multiplier, reconfigurable circuits
This paper presents rectifier with op-amp based active diodes that can be used in Piezoelectric e... more This paper presents rectifier with op-amp based active diodes that can be used in Piezoelectric energy harvesting system applications. A Piezoelectric energy system has two functional sections: a transducer, which converts potential energy into electrical energy; and an electrical interface, which is used to manage this electrical energy. One of the most important parts of the electrical interface is a rectifier, such as an AC-DC converter. This PE energy harvesting is to maximize the extracted power. The proposed rectifier was designed and fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS technology. Keywords— High efficiency rectifier; op-amp-based active-diodes; piezoelectric energy harvesting; digital control block
In this project, the adaptive low power dynamic comparator is used to maximize latch regeneration... more In this project, the adaptive low power dynamic comparator is used to maximize latch regeneration speed and power efficiency. Two comprehensive analyses are used to improve their comparator performance. In this paper, the delay of dynamic comparator was explained briefly a new dynamic comparator is proposed, where the circuit of double-tail dynamic comparator is modified for low power and fast operation even in small supply voltage. These proposed comparators are used to reduce both delay and power consumption. To analyses the simulation results in 0.18μm CMOS technology. It is shown that proposed comparator to reduce both delay and power consumption. Keywords: Double-tail comparator; Dynamic clocked comparator; High speed ADC; Low power analog design
A High speed and reduced -area 2D discrete wavelet transform (2D-DWT) architecture is proposed. P... more A High speed and reduced -area 2D discrete wavelet transform (2D-DWT) architecture is proposed. Previous DWT architecture is mostly based on the modified weighted lifting scheme. In order to achieve a critical path with only one multiplier. Experimental measurement of design performance in terms of area, speed and power for 90nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) implementation are presented, Results indicate that while BP design exhibit inherent speed advantages.DS design requires significantly fewer hardware resource with increased precision and DWT level.. In addition to the BP and DS design, a novel flexible DWT processor is presented, which supports run time and increase the performance of the DWT parameters .In this proposed approach were give an efficient hardware support to the VLSI architecture achieved by Weighted Lifted Wavelet Transform(WLWT).
Practical guidelines to the Designers while facing EMC Hazards in design of Electronics Instrumen... more Practical guidelines to the Designers while facing EMC Hazards in design of Electronics Instruments
6G
what new networking and connectivity promises ?
6G Goals
Roadmap to 2030
Architectural aspects... more 6G what new networking and connectivity promises ? 6G Goals Roadmap to 2030 Architectural aspects Networking and connectivity features KPIs, Spectrum, physical layer Key Features of Beyond 5G Elemental Technologies towards 5G Example/ Expectations beyond 5G Network and connectivity research challenges
This presentation introduces the common industry concept of Measurement Uncertainty to represent ... more This presentation introduces the common industry concept of Measurement Uncertainty to represent the quality of a measurement. Other common terms such as accuracy, precision, error, repeatability, and reliability are defined and their relationship to measurement uncertainty is shown. Basic directions on calculating uncertainty and an example are included.
Uploads
Papers by Dr.Lenin Raja
1. Over View - VLSI
2. Research Methodology
3. Recent Research
4. Industrial Need
5. Industrial requirement
6. ULSI
7. Research Area- Funding Agencies in India
Index Terms— GaAs, GaAsAlloy, FFT, DFG, Multicavity layer.
Index Terms—Gunpowder, Sensors, Unbalanced Chemical , Firework accidents. Manual preventions.
Index Terms—Temperature Sensor, Humidity Sensor, Methane Sensor, Smoke alarm Microcontroller, Relays, Chemical Equalizer.
Keywords— Analog signal processing, current-mode operation, functional core, multiplier, reconfigurable circuits
1. Over View - VLSI
2. Research Methodology
3. Recent Research
4. Industrial Need
5. Industrial requirement
6. ULSI
7. Research Area- Funding Agencies in India
Index Terms— GaAs, GaAsAlloy, FFT, DFG, Multicavity layer.
Index Terms—Gunpowder, Sensors, Unbalanced Chemical , Firework accidents. Manual preventions.
Index Terms—Temperature Sensor, Humidity Sensor, Methane Sensor, Smoke alarm Microcontroller, Relays, Chemical Equalizer.
Keywords— Analog signal processing, current-mode operation, functional core, multiplier, reconfigurable circuits
what new networking and connectivity promises ?
6G Goals
Roadmap to 2030
Architectural aspects
Networking and connectivity features
KPIs, Spectrum, physical layer
Key Features of Beyond 5G
Elemental Technologies towards 5G
Example/ Expectations beyond 5G
Network and connectivity research challenges
Other common terms such as accuracy, precision, error, repeatability, and reliability are defined and their relationship to measurement uncertainty is shown.
Basic directions on calculating uncertainty and an example are included.