Papers by ali jafar abedi
Journal of Comprehensive Health, 2021
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for almost 70% of all deaths worldwide. Almost 7... more Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for almost 70% of all deaths worldwide. Almost 75% of all NCD deaths, and 82% of the 16 million people that died prematurely, or before reaching 70 years aged, occur in low and middle-income countries. The epidemic of NCDs including heart condition, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and chronic lung disease poses devastating health consequences for people, and threatens to overburden the health systems. In finances starved countries, the costs associated with NCDs make the management of these diseases a major development concern for the 21st century.[1]
Introduction: Healthcare waste (HCW) is a by-product of healthcare. According to a World Health O... more Introduction: Healthcare waste (HCW) is a by-product of healthcare. According to a World Health Organization (WHO) report around 85% of the hospital wastes are actually non-hazardous, 10% are infective (hence, hazardous), and the remaining 5% are non infectious but hazardous (chemical), pharmaceutical and radioactive. Poor management of HCW exposes healthcare workers, waste handlers and the community to infections, toxic effects and injuries. Present study was carried out with the following objectives: 1. To determine the knowledge and attitude of health care personnel regarding biomedical waste management practices. 2. To assess the biomedical waste management practices. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in J. N. Medical College AMU Aligarh, India from 20th August to 10th September, 2013 after taking approval of the College Bioethical Committee. The hospital has a work force of doctors, nurses and other supportive staff, which includes paramedical and housekeeping sta...
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2018
International Archives of BioMedical and Clinical Research, 2015
Introduction: Population of India has jumped to 1,290,974,613 (1.29 billion) on Dec 07, 2015. The... more Introduction: Population of India has jumped to 1,290,974,613 (1.29 billion) on Dec 07, 2015. There are certain demographic factors, which affect the acceptance of family planning methods. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the extent of felt need of family planning methods and to assess the demographic factors influencing the contraceptive acceptance. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in J.N. Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, for a period of two and half year. Only the mothers in the post partum period were interviewed. Those mothers who had already accepted family planning methods were not included in the study. 1383 mothers were interviewed. Data were tabulated and analysed using SPSS version 20. Chi-square test (χ2) was applied to know the statistical significance. Results: Significant number of mothers (39.6%) had planned to adopt family planning methods. Majority of the mothers (71.4%) were in the age group of 21-30 years. In this age gr...
Introduction Methodology Results Conclusion References Citation Tables / Figures Corresponding Au... more Introduction Methodology Results Conclusion References Citation Tables / Figures Corresponding Author Dr M. Athar Ansari, Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India E Mail ID: [email protected]
Purpose: To test the basic knowledge of population pertaining to cataract and its treatment and t... more Purpose: To test the basic knowledge of population pertaining to cataract and its treatment and to determine the best method among conventional written, audiovisual and oral presentation by surgeon for informed consent before cataract surgery. Method: Randomized prospective study at the JN Medical College, AMU Aligarh. Patients were divided into 3 groups and pretested by a 12 point multiple choice questionnaire for baseline knowledge. They were subjected to informed consent by conventional written material or audiovisual aid along with written aid or by oral presentation by surgeon along with written and audiovisual aids respectively. Post-test by same questionnaire was taken to find out gain, retention and recall of knowledge by the patient and identify the best consent practices for cataract surgery. Results: Of the 126 patients enrolled, 3 randomized groups of 42 each were pretested and administered informed consent. The baseline knowledge of patients was similar before consent i...
Indian Journal of Maternal and Child Health, 2012
Research Question: What is the current status of feeding in early infancy and barriers in adoptin... more Research Question: What is the current status of feeding in early infancy and barriers in adopting the desired breastfeeding practices in a periurban area? Study Design: A cross-sectional community based field study was conducted in periurban area of District Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India. Participants and Methodology: 200 children of 0-6 months were randomly selected and mothers were interviewed after taking informed consent on pretested predesigned questionnaire on socio-demographic and feeding patterns. Results: EBF was seen in 86(44.3%) children the rate of EBF showed an inverse relation with age (p<0.005).The obstacles to EBF identified were maternal employment breast and nipple problems perceived milk insufficiency and pressure from family. Mothers of educational level of High School and above exposed to mass media going for ANC delivering at an institution and being a house maker were more likely to practice EBF. A Child of less than 3 months of age with early initiation of ...
Indian Journal of Community Health, 2020
Introduction: Refractive errors are the commonest cause of visual impairment in school children w... more Introduction: Refractive errors are the commonest cause of visual impairment in school children worldwide. They are correctible and after screening, spectacles can easily enhance vision. This can be achieved only when spectacles are used regularly. Objective: This study was conducted to study the compliance of spectacles wear among children and to determine the reasons associated with non-compliance. Methodology: 400 children in the age group of 5-15 years with refractive errors attending the eye OPD, using spectacles for more than three months were included. Spectacle wear and reasons of noncompliance were enquired. Data was analyzed to determine the factors associated with spectacle wear compliance. Results: Among 232 boys and 168 girls 142 were from rural and 258 from urban areas. 244(61%) children were compliant. Compliance was better in older children and those from urban areas. Children of educated parents and with power more than -1.0 D were more likely to be compliant. Main...
Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, 2017
Directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) strategy is one of the components of Revised Nati... more Directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) strategy is one of the components of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) which came into existence in the year 1997. The goal was to achieve and maintain a cure rate of at least 85% among newly detected infectious (new sputum smear positive) cases and to achieve and maintain detection rate of at least 70% of estimated new sputum positive cases in the population. [1] The treatment success rate has increased from 25% in 1998 to 86% in 2009, and the death rate has come down 7-fold, from 29% to 4%. [2] India has already achieved tuberculosis (TB)-related millennium development goal by 2015 and is committed to reduce mortality and incidence to 10% and 20%, respectively by 2030 as per sustainable development goal. [3,4] Despite high cure rates, queries and doubts have been raised about the effectiveness of RNTCP regimens, inadequate diagnosis, method of administration, wrong categorization, and increased rate of multi-drug resistant TB. [5] It was observed that among all patients recorded to have received directly observed treatment (DOT); more than a quarter did not actually receive it in the district of Kerala, India. This accounts for 86% of total treatment failure and relapse. [6] DOT being the most important component of the treatment strategy needs to be followed meticulously. Besides, directly observation documentation, follow-up, and counseling of patients make this strategy more patient-friendly. To maintain the quality of DOTS, DOT provider should be properly trained and equipped with essential consumables and facilities. That includes optimum numbers of
Indian Journal of Community Health, Apr 10, 2012
Background: Most microbial eukaryotes are uncultivated and thus poorly suited to standard genomic... more Background: Most microbial eukaryotes are uncultivated and thus poorly suited to standard genomic techniques. This is the case for Polykrikos lebouriae, a dinoflagellate with ultrastructurally aberrant plastids. It has been suggested that these plastids stem from a novel symbiosis with either a diatom or haptophyte, but this hypothesis has been difficult to test as P. lebouriae dwells in marine sand rife with potential genetic contaminants. Results: We applied spliced-leader targeted PCR (SLPCR) to obtain dinoflagellate-specific transcriptomes on single-cell isolates of P. lebouriae from marine sediments. Polykrikos lebouriae expressed nuclear-encoded photosynthetic genes that were characteristic of the peridinin-plastids of dinoflagellates, rather than those from a diatom of haptophyte. We confirmed these findings at the genomic level using multiple displacement amplification (MDA) to obtain a partial plastome of P. lebouriae. Conclusion: From these data, we infer that P. lebouriae has retained the peridinin plastids ancestral for dinoflagellates as a whole, while its closest relatives have lost photosynthesis multiple times independently. We discuss these losses with reference to mixotrophy in polykrikoid dinoflagellates. Our findings demonstrate new levels of variation associated with the peridinin plastids of dinoflagellates and the usefulness of SLPCR approaches on single cell isolates. Unlike other transcriptomic methods, SLPCR has taxonomic specificity, and can in principle be adapted to different splice-leader bearing groups.
International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2016
Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is the first necessary requisite for a healthy mother and a heal... more Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is the first necessary requisite for a healthy mother and a healthy child. But access to care is poor for women living in slums, particularly newly formed slums. Why women either do not access these services, or access them late, or suffer an avoidable adverse outcome despite timely presentation is related to the concept of quality of care. Respectful maternity care also is an integral aspect of good quality ANC. Objectives: (1) To assess the quality of ANC received by women living in the newly formed urban slums of Aligarh (
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2016
Background: An important aim of medical education is to provide sufficient surgical training to r... more Background: An important aim of medical education is to provide sufficient surgical training to residents. Attitudes of patient toward the surgical training of residents and the impact of resident's participation on patients' perceptions of care are relatively unknown in India. We therefore undertook this study to assess patient attitudes towards resident cataract surgery training in a teaching hospital. Methods: An anonymous survey was conducted in a teaching hospital on all patients undergoing elective cataract surgery. A questionnaire was developed with inputs from published work, modified according to local needs to record demographic information and elicits patient perspective and attitude towards resident training. Responses of patient's were graded using a 5-point Likert scale. The data was analysed using SPSS-version 19. Results: Only 35% of surveyed patients selected the most accurate definition of a resident and teaching hospital. The majority (63%) felt "assistance" meant that the resident would be performing parts of surgery, but not the entire procedure. 25% of patients were comfortable having a resident assist their surgery, while only 07% were comfortable with residents performing the entire surgery. Majority (58%) agreed that residents should be involved in the surgical care. Patients demographic background had a significant association with attitudes toward resident involvement in surgery (p<0.05). Conclusions: Results showed varied opinions amongst patients toward the involvement of residents in surgical care. Patient orientation on the resident education process is vital to their perceptions of care and may render them willing to participate in training if they are taken into confidence by the faculty surgeon.
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2015
Growth retardation is highly prevalent in developing countries. Inadequate dietary intakes and fr... more Growth retardation is highly prevalent in developing countries. Inadequate dietary intakes and frequent infections are well-known causes of growth retardation. However, the role of specific micronutrient deficiencies in the etiology of growth retardation has gained attention more recently. Micronutrient deficiencies are highly prevalent in low-income countries, and the most probable causes are low content in the diet and poor bioavailability. More than half of preschool children are anemic, and an estimated 75 million and 140 million preschool children have clinical and subclinical vitamin A deficiencies (VAD), respectively. 1 Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient for the immune system. Its deficiency is one of the most important causes of preventable childhood blindness and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality from infections. The primary cause of VAD is lack of an adequate intake of vitamin A, and may be exacerbated by high rates of infection, especially diarrhoea and measles. 2 ABSTRACT Background: Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient for the immune system. Its deficiency is one of the most important causes of preventable childhood blindness and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality from infections. Studies have linked vitamin A deficiency to a greater risk of malnutrition. Therefore the present study was planned to assess the intake of Vitamin A in preschool children and to find out its association with nutritional status of PreSchool children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Children (n=400) of 12-59 months were randomly selected and mothers were interviewed after taking informed consent on pretested predesigned questionnaire on socio-demographic and Dietary intake. Anthropometry was performed using standard procedures. Results: The mean age of children was 31.9 months and mean intake of Vitamin A was 344.8 µg. Underweight, stunting and wasting was seen in 43.7%, 51.3 % and 21.8% of children respectively. Stunting was associated significantly with mean Vitamin A intake (p<0.005). 54% children had been administered Vitamin A in past six months. Signs of Vitamin A deficiency were seen in only 6.2 % children. On Multivariate analysis Height / Age Z score was significantly associated with Vitamin A intake (OR-2.8, 2.5-14.0). Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition for preschool children is worrying. There is low intake of Vitamin A. There is need to find innovative and effective ways of reaching the community for educating them on balanced diet particularly rich in vitamin A.
International Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 2017
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 2015
Abdominal Tuberculosis includes tuberculosis infection of gastrointestinal tract, mesentery, lymp... more Abdominal Tuberculosis includes tuberculosis infection of gastrointestinal tract, mesentery, lymph nodes and omentum, the peritoneum and related solid organs such as liver and spleen. This study aims to document the trend of different types of presentation and treatment approach in Abdominal Tuberculosis according to involved sites and surgical pathology over a period of six years. 786 patients of abdominal tuberculosis admitted in emergency as well as in outdoors of various department of J. N. Medical College, Aligarh during the period of July 2004 to June 2010 were analyzed. Abdominal pain and altered bowel habit were two most common presenting complaints. A clear trend towards conservative approach for management of abdominal tuberculosis was found. Irrespective of surgery, all patients of abdominal tuberculosis require a full ATT
Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 2011
of 85.2% (95.0% CI 81.9% to 88.4%) participants affirmed that they could move with a deformed lep... more of 85.2% (95.0% CI 81.9% to 88.4%) participants affirmed that they could move with a deformed leper to the market or church. 71.5% (95.0% CI 67.5% to 75.5%) participants stated that they could offer a job to a deformed leper. Conclusion The high proportion of positive attitudes among the participants and in different divisions is a positive indicator that the elimination of leprosy social stigma is progressing in the right direction.
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Papers by ali jafar abedi