Papers by Warren A Van Wicklin
To identify recurrent problems affecting performance, initiate midstrem remedial actions, and pre... more To identify recurrent problems affecting performance, initiate midstrem remedial actions, and prepare a follow-up strategy for addressing tesettiement more effectively. 11. Rather than being carried out as a desk-bound and static stock-taldng exercise, this review was deliberatewly designed as a broad process of resettlement analysis in the field, carried out by the Bank's relevant regional and central units jointly with the Borrowers. 7he main product of Xhs comprehensive review is not sinply its final repoiz but the process that the revew triggred throughout 1993 across the Bank and on the ground. The review process consisted of intensified field superviion, analysis of project preparation, appraisal, supervision, and implementation, on-site consultations with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), sectoral resettlement studies, development of new technical tools for resettlement planning, and a considerable number of joint remedial actions initiated by the Bank and the Borrowers for projects fafling to meet set objectives. ' See W'afdD awlPRepon, 1994 (_tghcomlng) fDr a detaited disusn.
Among development assistance agencies, the World Bank has led the way in policies to mitigate the... more Among development assistance agencies, the World Bank has led the way in policies to mitigate the impact of large-scale engineering projects on local populations, particularly in the building of dams. Since the 1980s the Bank has implemented guidelines for policies with respect to displacement, social infrastructure and services, environmental effects, resettlement, compensation, and the restoration of income for those affected. Having learned from the failures of past resettlement programs, the Bank has endeavored to function as a responsible and caring agency. This volume builds upon earlier studies and field work to offer a broad look at dam-building projects in six countries and to review the outcomes of Bank policy, learn from experience, and assess outside criticism. The book covers representative dam projects in India, Thailand, Togo, China, Indonesia, and Brazil. Each project was undertaken after Bank resettlement guidelines had been implemented. The widely ranging results in each country are assessed. In the areas of compensation for acquired land, relocation, infrastructure and services, the contributors note satisfactory levels of improvement or positive trends. Governments are moving towards acceptance of the idea that displaced families should be paid the real value of their lost assets. Relocation processes are now keeping pace with water movement caused by dam building, and health, education, utilities, and roads are better than before the resettlement. Other results have been less positive. The impact on incomes of those involuntarily resettled has been harsh in some locations. Resettler dissatisfaction has been intense, notably in those countries where the national economies are not experiencing strong growth. The Bank's performance itself has been uneven. There have been lapses in appraisal and monitoring during the projects and insufficient follow-through support for resettlement operations after the completion of loan and credit disbursements. In addition to its case by case analysis of countries and projects, the book includes detailed lessons and recommendations to strengthen resettlement policy and practice. Involuntary Resettlement will be of interest to economists, sociologists, and professionals working in regional development policy. Robert Picciotto is director general of Operations Evaluation at the World Bank. Warren van Wicklin is task manager and evaluator at the Operations Evaluation department of the World Bank.
This collective publication was prepared by Gloria Davis, Andrew Steer, and Warren Van Wicklin, o... more This collective publication was prepared by Gloria Davis, Andrew Steer, and Warren Van Wicklin, on behalf of colleagues and friends, as a tribute to Michael Cernea on the occasion of his formal retirement from regular Bank work. Through his activities, 'Michael made his mark,' and in these pages the contributors speak about 'the life and times of a change agent inside the World Bank.'
Opening the Black Box: The Contextual Drivers of Social Accountability, 2015
Opening the Black Box: The Contextual Drivers of Social Accountability, 2015
Involuntary Resettlement, 2018
This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank Inspection Panel with external contribution... more This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank Inspection Panel with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.
The author is a Social Scientist working as a Consultant in the OED Corporate The Wrorld Ban Eval... more The author is a Social Scientist working as a Consultant in the OED Corporate The Wrorld Ban Evaluation and Methods Group (OEDCMV) of the World Bank. T1his paper isWhnnD available upon request from QED. Washigto,D.C OPERATIONS EVALUATION DEPARTMENT ENHANCING DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS THROUGH EXCELLENCE AND INDEPENDENCE IN EVALUATION The Operations Evaluation Department (OED) is an independent unit within the World Bank; it reports directly to the Bank's Board of Executive Directors. OED assesses what works, and what does not; how a borrower plans to run and maintain a project: and the lasting contribution of the Bank to a country's overall development. The goals of evaluation are to leam from experience, to provide an objective basis for assessing the results of the Bank's work, and to provide accountability in the achievement of its objectives. It also improves Bank work by identifying and disseminating the lessons learned from experience and by framing recommendations drawn from evaluation findings. OED Working Papers are an informal series to disseminate the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development effectiveness through evaluation. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank cannot guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
This note was prepared by Warren A. Van Wicklin III and Asli Gurkan of the World Bank's Social De... more This note was prepared by Warren A. Van Wicklin III and Asli Gurkan of the World Bank's Social Development Department (SDV). It is part of the efforts by SDV's Social Accountability team and the Operational Policies and Country Services (OPCS) Governance and Anti-Corruption (GAC)-in-Projects team to provide guidance on ways to improve governance and accountability in World Bank operations. Zeynep Darendeliler (SDV) conducted the stocktaking review of monitoring by non-state actors through interviews with 35 Bank staff and wrote the report based on that research. Asli Gurkan managed the preparation of this note and the stocktaking review. Hélène Grandvoinnet (SDV) provided overall guidance and comments. Saki Kumagai (SDV) provided project examples of third party monitoring using information and communication technologies (ICTs). The authors are grateful to peer reviewers Ditte Fallesen (Afghanistan CMU), Balakrishna Menon (MNSSO), Caroline Sage (AFTCS), and Diane Zovighian (AFTCS). Ditte Fallesen also provided additional suggestions on monitoring in fragile and conflict-affected states. The authors also thank Marie Brown (OPCS), Stephan Eggli (OPCS),
This note was prepared by Warren A. Van Wicklin III, of the World Bank's Social Development Depar... more This note was prepared by Warren A. Van Wicklin III, of the World Bank's Social Development Department (SDV), as part of the effort by SDV's Social Accountability and Demand for Good Governance team and OPCS's GAC-in-Projects team to provide guidance on ways to improve governance and accountability in Bank operations. Zach Neumann (OPCS) conducted the review of recent Operation Risk Assessment Frameworks (ORAFs). Sanjay Agarwal and Hélène Grandvoinnet (SDV) provided overall guidance for the review and this note, as well as extensive comments and guidance on earlier drafts. The author is grateful to peer reviewers
the note is most applicable to investment lending projects in the oil, gas, and mining sector, bu... more the note is most applicable to investment lending projects in the oil, gas, and mining sector, but different elements of the note are relevant to different types of projects. At least parts of the note are applicable to a wide range of projects and stakeholders, not just World Bank task teams.
Social Change
The right to compensation and rehabilitation for those displaced by projects is a generally recog... more The right to compensation and rehabilitation for those displaced by projects is a generally recognised principle of multilateral development institutions and, increasingly, of national governments. There is no such consensus of the concept of benefit-sharing—neither its definition nor realisation. This paper advances this discussion: reviewing past performance of benefit-sharing and anticipating its future rationale, timing and delivery. Drawing upon country laws and project reviews for hydropower, it also briefly examines prospects for another revenue generating sector: mining and non-revenue generating urban projects. It addresses the question: should benefit-sharing be limited to monetary benefits derived only from projects generating revenue during the project operations phase or should a broader concept of benefit-sharing prevail? The authors compare both financial and resettlement logics of each form. In anticipating an uncertain future, they conclude that centralising partner...
Medio ambiente y desarrollo The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are t... more Medio ambiente y desarrollo The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this volume do not imply any judgment concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Los resultados, interpretaciones y conclusiones expresados aquí son los del(los) autor(es) y no reflejan necesariamente las opiniones de los directores del Banco Mundial, o de los gobiernos que ellos representan. El Banco Mundial no garantiza la exactitud de los datos incluidos en este trabajo. Las fronteras, los colores, los nombres y otra información expuesta en cualquier mapa de este volumen no denotan, por parte del Banco, juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de ninguno de los territorios, ni aprobación o aceptación de tales fronteras. This work was originally published by the World Bank in English as Strategic Environmental Assessment for Policies: An Instrument for Good Governance in 2008. This Spanish translation was arranged by Mayol Ediciones. Mayol Ediciones is responsible for the quality of the translation. In case of any discrepancies the original language will govern. Publicado originalmente en inglés por el Banco Mundial como Strategic Environmental Assessment for Policies: An Instrument for Good Governance en 2008. La traducción al castellano fue hecha por Mayol Ediciones, editorial que es responsable de su precisión. En caso de discrepancias, prima el idioma original.
Impact Assessment, Feb 6, 2012
Economic Development and Cultural Change, 1989
... Projects: Empirical Tests of Popular Theories* ... Beneficiary commit-ment, adequacy ofcommun... more ... Projects: Empirical Tests of Popular Theories* ... Beneficiary commit-ment, adequacy ofcommunication, and local control/ownership are highly correlated with project effectiveness ... three variables had a fairly erratic pattern of correla-tions across the development level subgroups. ...
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Strategic environmental assessment for policie... more Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Strategic environmental assessment for policies: an instrument for good governance / Kulsum Ahmed and Ernesto Sánchez-Triana, editors. p. cm. "This edited book derives from the background papers originally prepared as the basis for a World Bank study published in 2005, titled Integrating Environmental Considerations in Policy Formulation: Lessons from Policy-Based SEA Experience (Report No. 32783)."
Criticism of development projects is widespread, and blame for disappointing results is cast in m... more Criticism of development projects is widespread, and blame for disappointing results is cast in many directions. One line of criticism which has become quite strong in the recent development literature is that development projects are too top-down and need to be more bottom-up (e.g. Maguire, 1981). Projects should involve more participation by beneficiaries. In fact, some would argue that real development, by definition, must involve beneficiaries in their own improvement (e.g. Gran, 1983a,b). Without participation the people may benefit but not develop from a project. Thus participation has intrinsic value.
Review of Policy Research, 1988
Books by Warren A Van Wicklin
Environment Department Papers, Resettlement Series, Mar 1996
The Bankwide Resettlement Review was initiated in 1992 to encompass all projects with resettlemen... more The Bankwide Resettlement Review was initiated in 1992 to encompass all projects with resettlement in the Bank's portfolio between 1986 and 1993 and to assess consistency between policy and operations. The Bankwide review was assigned to the Environment Department in the Environmentally Sustainable Development Vice Presidency (ESD); the Environment Department established a Task Force to coordinate the review and carry it out jointly with the regional departments. Each of the Bank's operational regions and the Bank's Legal Department formed resettlement review working groups. All regions prepared comprehensive analytical reports on their resettlement portfolios, and these formed he basis of this report. Contributions were also received from the Bank's central Vice Presidencies.
The three objectives of the resettlement review were:
(1) To ascertain the scale of involuntary resettlement in the Bank's portfolio, and determine regional and sectoral trends and composition.
(2) To analyze ongoing resettlement programs for their quality, consistency with policy, and outcomes.
(3) To identify recurrent problems affecting performance, initiate midstream remedial actions, and prepare a follow-up strategy for addressing resettlement more effectively.
Rather than being carried out as a desk-bound and static stock-taking exercise this review was deliberately designed as a broad process of resettlement analysis in the field, carried out by the Bank's relevant regional and central units jointly with the Borrowers. The main product of this comprehensive review is not simply its final report, but the process that the review triggered throughout 1993 across the Bank and on the ground. The review process consisted of intensified field supervision, analysis of project preparation, appraisal, supervision, and implementation, on-site consultation with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), sectoral resettlement studies, development of new technical tools for resettlement planning, and a considerable number of joint remedial actions initiated by the Bank and the Borrowers for projects failing to meet set objectives.
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Papers by Warren A Van Wicklin
Books by Warren A Van Wicklin
The three objectives of the resettlement review were:
(1) To ascertain the scale of involuntary resettlement in the Bank's portfolio, and determine regional and sectoral trends and composition.
(2) To analyze ongoing resettlement programs for their quality, consistency with policy, and outcomes.
(3) To identify recurrent problems affecting performance, initiate midstream remedial actions, and prepare a follow-up strategy for addressing resettlement more effectively.
Rather than being carried out as a desk-bound and static stock-taking exercise this review was deliberately designed as a broad process of resettlement analysis in the field, carried out by the Bank's relevant regional and central units jointly with the Borrowers. The main product of this comprehensive review is not simply its final report, but the process that the review triggered throughout 1993 across the Bank and on the ground. The review process consisted of intensified field supervision, analysis of project preparation, appraisal, supervision, and implementation, on-site consultation with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), sectoral resettlement studies, development of new technical tools for resettlement planning, and a considerable number of joint remedial actions initiated by the Bank and the Borrowers for projects failing to meet set objectives.
The three objectives of the resettlement review were:
(1) To ascertain the scale of involuntary resettlement in the Bank's portfolio, and determine regional and sectoral trends and composition.
(2) To analyze ongoing resettlement programs for their quality, consistency with policy, and outcomes.
(3) To identify recurrent problems affecting performance, initiate midstream remedial actions, and prepare a follow-up strategy for addressing resettlement more effectively.
Rather than being carried out as a desk-bound and static stock-taking exercise this review was deliberately designed as a broad process of resettlement analysis in the field, carried out by the Bank's relevant regional and central units jointly with the Borrowers. The main product of this comprehensive review is not simply its final report, but the process that the review triggered throughout 1993 across the Bank and on the ground. The review process consisted of intensified field supervision, analysis of project preparation, appraisal, supervision, and implementation, on-site consultation with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), sectoral resettlement studies, development of new technical tools for resettlement planning, and a considerable number of joint remedial actions initiated by the Bank and the Borrowers for projects failing to meet set objectives.