sasmita bal

Alliance University, Mechanical Deparment, Faculty Member

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James Elkins

School of the Art Institute of Chicago

Aidy Ali

Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia

Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

Manfred Malzahn

United Arab Emirates University

Mikail F Lumentut

National Taiwan University

Aashique Rezwan

University of Wisconsin-Madison

Hadi Winarto

RMIT International University Vietnam

Jerónimo Pizarro

Universidad de los Andes (Colombia)

Kiran Dasari

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Viacheslav Kuleshov

Stockholm University

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Papers by sasmita bal

E-Mobility Ecosystem

Advances in mechatronics and mechanical engineering (AMME) book series, May 17, 2024

Experimental Examination of Wastewater Treatment Analysis using Tamarind Seed Powder as Natural Coagulants

Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Field of Renewables, Energy Transition, and Decarbonization

Machine Learning Algorithms for Classifying Land Use and Land Cover

Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2024

GIS Applications and Machine Learning Approaches in Civil Engineering

Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2024

Performance Evaluation of Polymeric Hollow Fibre Heat Exchanger (PHFHE)

CRC Press eBooks, Jun 29, 2022

Energy transition: paving the way for a greener future

Nanomaterials and Energy

The concept of ‘energy transition’ embodies a strategic shift from conventional fossil fuels to c... more The concept of ‘energy transition’ embodies a strategic shift from conventional fossil fuels to cleaner and more sustainable energy sources. It represents a visionary pathway toward a future where humanity can thrive without compromising the delicate balance of the planet’s ecosystems. This transformative journey acknowledges the imperative of reducing carbon dioxide emissions, mitigating climate change and fostering energy security. The road map to a sustainable future through energy transition is a multifaceted endeavor that spans technological innovation, policy reform and societal engagement. As societies worldwide confront the challenges posed by climate change, the need to transition from fossil fuels to renewable and low carbon dioxide energy sources has become paramount. This transition involves a meticulous orchestration of efforts aimed at curbing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing energy efficiency and ensuring the equitable distribution of energy access. This study look...

Performance Evaluation of Polymeric Hollow Fibre Heat Exchanger (PHFHE)

CRC Press eBooks, Jun 29, 2022

Prediction Of Heat Transfer Performance Using Polynomial Regression

2022 Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS)

This paper is concentrated on the application of polynomial regression which is used to find the ... more This paper is concentrated on the application of polynomial regression which is used to find the relation between two or more variables. In the present work polynomial regression model was used to find the contribution of the input parameters during spray impingement cooling on microchannel. The model was designed and trained using a total 120 experimental data points collected from the experiment. Experiment was carried out to find heat transfer coefficient and mass flux density during spray on microchannel which is used to cool electronic chips. The mass flux density calculated from the experiment, air and water pressures and nozzle tip to microchannel surface distance were used as input variables for the regression model, while the corresponding heat transfer coefficient was selected as its output variable. By comparing polynomial regression model with linear, ridge regression and ANN, it was evident that heat transfer coefficient with high accuracy was achieved for polynomial regression. Various degrees of model were also compared upon which it was found that regression model with degree three outperforms the others. Among four independent variables, Water Pressure, Nozzle height and Mass flux density turns out to be most significant variable in calculating the regression model for Heat Transfer Coefficient.

Numerical Investigation of Cooling Behavior in Minichannel Heat Sink of Multiple Configurations

Computational Thermal Sciences: An International Journal

Numerical Heat Transfer Analysis of a Rectangular Microchannel Heat Sink with Graphene-based Nanofluids

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 2021

Heat transfer enhancement in microchannel with different surface undulations

Proceeding of Proceedings of the 26thNational and 4th International ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass Transfer Conference December 17-20, 2021, IIT Madras, Chennai-600036, Tamil Nadu, India, 2022

A numerical approach to Peltier - Based cabinet cooling system

AIP Conference Proceedings

Nowadays, people use their car a lot which is proportional to the surge in HVAC systems in the ve... more Nowadays, people use their car a lot which is proportional to the surge in HVAC systems in the vehicle, which is also an integral part of a car. Automobiles use refrigerant to cool the car cabinet, which causes a series of problems to the environment and contributes to the emission of CFCs, HCFCs, CO 2 , etc. The present HVAC system is very efficient and reliable, but it also has some demerits. According to the International Institute of Refrigeration, air conditioning and refrigeration consume around 15% of worldwide electricity. Usually, the Air conditioner in the car uses power (5-10% of engine power) from the engine, so this system consumes fuel indirectly. Automobiles cabinet heats up faster when it is stationary and under direct sunlight. During such a situation driver must turn on ac to maintain the temperature. To solve this problem, a product was designed with the help of CATIA software. The simulation is done using Ansys Fluent software, which divided the design into 2.1 million elements and solved with the help of triangular mesh. The simulation showed there is an almost 50% drop in temperature. This product uses a thermoelectric cooling technique that works on Peltier and Seebeck effect. Thermoelectric coolers (TEC) are an emerging technology used in the medical industry to cool medicine instantly. The cold side of Peltier with water was used to cool ambient air to a lower temperature that helps to cool the cabinet. This product helps to maintain car cabinet temperature at an optimum level, which is non-hazardous, low power consumption, retains moisture in the car and is finally Portable. The present model can cool ambient temperature from 55 to 26°C. Further, this investigation would lead to the determination of precise operating conditions for the experiment.

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Optimization of spray parameters for effective microchannel cooling using surface response methodology

International Journal of Heat and Technology, 2018

Spray technology has numerous applications in general and cooling microchannels in particular. Bu... more Spray technology has numerous applications in general and cooling microchannels in particular. But before that study of the controlling parameters on which spray performance depends need to be explored. Present work describes an experimental study on microchannel cooling with jet and spray at different pressure combinations of air and water. The experimental facility was developed at the School of Mechanical Engineering, KIIT, deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, to investigate the effect of various controlling parameters like fluid pressure, flow rate, nozzle to surface distance and heat input on jet and spray cooling of microchannels. The input parameters like air pressure and water pressure along with nozzle to surface distance were optimized. The input parametrs such as air and water pressure in the range of 1 bar to 3 bar, nozzle tip to surface distance in the range of 10 to 20 mm were considered during the tests. As a result, at 1 bar air pressure, 3 bar water pressure and 17.42 mm nozzle tip to surface distance, the maximum heat transfer coefficient was achieved as predicted optimal solution through response surface methodology (RSM). The data were compared with that of the earlier researcher's experimental work. The experimental results revealed that the employment of spray impingement cooling technique on microchannels provided significant improvement in removal of heat flux with less consumption of coolant.

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Modelling, Analysis and Entropy Generation Minimization of Al2O3-Ethylene Glycol Nanofluid Convective Flow inside a Tube

Energies

Entropy generation is always a matter of concern in a heat transfer system. It denotes the amount... more Entropy generation is always a matter of concern in a heat transfer system. It denotes the amount of energy lost as a result of irreversibility. As a result, it must be reduced. The present work considers an investigation on the turbulent forced convective heat transfer and entropy generation of Al2O3-Ethylene glycol (EG) nanofluid inside a circular tube subjected to constant wall temperature. The study is focused on the development of an analytical framework by using mathematical models to simulate the characteristics of nanofluids in the as-mentioned thermal system. The simulated result is validated using published data. Further, Genetic algorithm (GA) and DIRECT algorithm are implemented to determine the optimal condition which yields minimum entropy generation. According to the findings, heat transfer increases at a direct proportion to the mass flow, Reynolds number (Re), and volume concentration of nanoparticles. Furthermore, as Re increases, particle concentration should be d...

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Numerical simulation of heat and fluid flow through silicon-based microchannel with different surface roughness elements

International Journal of Engineering Systems Modelling and Simulation, 2017

A physical problem of laminar flow through a silicon-based rectangular microchannel with designed... more A physical problem of laminar flow through a silicon-based rectangular microchannel with designed surface roughness was solved numerically. Different shapes of the surface roughness such as: triangular, semicircular and trapezoidal were placed along the channel wall. The two-dimensional problem was modelled and simulated in the FLUENT's computational fluid dynamics (FLUENT-CFD) environments. The working fluid taken was incompressible in nature hence the no-slip condition was assumed. The inlet condition was taken as constant velocity and at the outlet was considered as zero gauge pressure as boundary conditions. The total number of grids taken was 12,444 for the computational domain. FLUENT's segregated solver as an implicit solver was used. The effects of different working fluids such as: water, ethanol refrigerant and engine-oil on heat transfer were investigated for the same value of roughness pitch and height. The simulation results revealed that the Nusselt number variation along the channel was more for engine-oil than that for ethanol and water. This might be due to the fact that Nusselt number is a function of Prandtl number and the Prandtl number is comparatively high for engine oil.

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Micro-Electro Discharge Machining of Holes and Grooves: AnAssessment of Process Parameters

International Journal of Engineering and Technology

The need for a better cooling purpose in bio medical, electronics, microprocessors and radars has... more The need for a better cooling purpose in bio medical, electronics, microprocessors and radars has attracted many researchers. Since, microchannels fulfil this objective it's machining through different micro machining techniques requires more skill and knowledge. Micro electrical discharge machining (EDM)is considered as one of the advanced methods of machining micro tools, dies, channels, grooves etc. More emphasis should be given to this machining process so that complicated geometries with least effort can be produced. In the present work critical study has been done on different tool materials as well as workpiece materials used on machining work table in micro EDM with different new strategies of machining will be helpful to enhance understanding of the subject. Along with this a direct method of getting tools for making micro holes and grooves on workpiece is suggested. Keyword-Microchannel, tool electrode, microholes, microgrooves, material removal rate, tool wear I. INTRODUCTION In recent years micro-electro discharge machining(EDM) gained a significant role in fabrication of very complex microstructures like micro holes, channels, grooves and 3-D structures irrespective of the hardness of the workpiece material [1]. This technology helps to remove micro particles easily from electrically conductive materials due to generation of spark which associated with melting and vaporization of materials from the surface of workpiece [2].As it is a contactless process that exerts very small force on both electrode and specimen, it minimizes the chances to develop thermal stresses. The major difference between macro and micro electro discharge machining is well defined by the plasma size[3].µ wire EDM, µ-die sinking,µ-milling and drilling are the different varieties of micro EDM with respect to tool and tool kinetics[4].In micro wire EDM the electrode used is either tungsten or copper wire of diameter 25-300µm that cut through the specimen where as in micro die sinking EDM the tool electrode is the replica to be produced in workpiece[5]. To get a fine electrode, reverse polarity is done where material generally gets removed from electrode instead of workpiece. This process generally called as wire electro discharge grinding or WEDG. After getting desired shape of electrode by WEDG that can be used to drill small hole on workpiece called EDM drilling. In EDM milling cylindrical electrode is rotated which follow a path through the workpiece to produce required geometry. Micro EDM is the machining on EDM where sizes of the tool, discharge energy are in micro levels[6]. There are large research possibilities in this area as it has very wide applications[7]. Micromachining in EDM has been extensively studied by many researchers and presented in [8,9,10]. Sato et al [11] were the first to propose micro hole drill by EDM for ink-jet nozzles of printers.The holes produced are of diameter 15 to 300 µm. In addition to micromachining microelectrodes can be generated by wire electro discharge grinding (WEDG) [12,13].Tungsten electrodes with diameter 300µm were machined to form 200µm using WEDG to produce microstructures on single crystal P-type boron doped silicon as it is widely used in semiconductors [14]. Masuzawa et al [15] proposed a system for drilling microholes by EDM. Anew technology is developed where micro holes and shafts are produced of 5 µm in diameter [16].Different materials used as electrodes in EDM are of different shapes of copper,tungsten,graphite, silver and brass[17,18]. Mohite et al [19] developed a EDM tool for fabrication of leaf shape microchannel heat sink of Aluminium 6061 and optimize the process parameters by using orthogonal array Taguchi's analysis of variance (ANNOVA) and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).Yan et al [20] found fabrication of tool electrode for micro hole fabrication by die sinking EDM as the most difficult job. An experimental procedure is followed by them to get a small, fine and straight cupper tool electrode to make micro holes in carbide workpiece.Yu et al [21] modified commercial EDM machine to get planetary motion of tungsten electrode used as tool to produce high aspect ratio micro holes and blind non circular holes on stainless steel AISI 304L workpiece material and at the same time blind triangular, square,pentagonal micro holes are achieved by offsetting the tool path by 15 to 20 µm. Jahan et al [22]

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Two-Phase Spray Impingement Density Determination in Microchannel Cooling: Measurement and Optimization Results

Within the past few years, electronic industry has developed vastly. Emerging technologies tend t... more Within the past few years, electronic industry has developed vastly. Emerging technologies tend to increase demand for higher power densities in small dimensions. Hence, performance of the equipments used for military or electronic industry needs high heat removal from small areas which directly increase its performance. Hybrid cooling which takes advantage of both microchannel and spray impingement cooling is considered as one of the best technologies for critical heat removal so far. Among all controlling parameters of spray, mass impingement density (MID) is considered as the most influencing parameter for high heat removal. This paper describes an experimental study to evaluate and optimize MID for different values of air and water pressure and nozzle-to-surface height during spray-on microchannel. A mechanical patternator was used for collecting water during spray of base dimension 27 mm × 25 mm which was like the microchannel for which MID was calculated. The air and water pre...

Numerical Analysis of Composite Coating(Al2O3+ZrO2·5CaO) applied on Cast Iron

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

A new method, the rule of the mixture is developed for the determination of thermal conductivity ... more A new method, the rule of the mixture is developed for the determination of thermal conductivity (K), allied properties viz.density and the volume of the individual composite coating powders. Optimum coating thickness through steady-state thermal analysis of composite coating (Al2O3+ZrO2•5CaO) applied on cast iron surface is carried out. Also, the thermodynamic behaviour of TGO and bond coat were simulated .The thickness of the topcoat, TGO, and the bond coat was varied independently in the range of 0.1 to 0.04 mm. Results show that topcoat thickness doesn't have much influence on the heat transfer. However, TGO and the bond coat plays a crucial role in heat transfer study. Maximum heat resistance ,171.47 ºC observed at 1 mm TGO thickness, compared to 88.94 ºC in case of bond coat for the same coating thickness. It is also understood that 1 mm of optimal TGO thickness may be beneficial in the design of thermal barrier composite coating systems.

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Heat Transfer Augmentation in Steel Quenching by Spray Impingement Cooling Method (Sicm)-An Experimental Investigation

The present article discusses the experimental results on heat transfer characteristics of spray ... more The present article discusses the experimental results on heat transfer characteristics of spray impingement cooling of a stationary steel plate. The eexperimental setup consisted of an electrically heated flat stationary steel plate of dimension 120 mm x 120 mm x 4 mm, spray setup, water supply and air supply unit. The effects of various controlling parameters such as air-water pressures, water flow rate, nozzle tip to target distance and impingement density were determined and analysed. The cooling rates were computed from the time dependent temperature history and used to analyse the parametric effects. The results obtained in the study confirmed the higher efficiency of the spray cooling system and the cooling strategy was found advantageous over the conventional cooling methods available in the open literature. NOMENCLATURE ∆T Measured temperature difference ∆T * Non-dimensional temperature difference Tc Temperature of cooling water T Time t * Non-dimensional time l Length of t...

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E-Mobility Ecosystem

Advances in mechatronics and mechanical engineering (AMME) book series, May 17, 2024

Experimental Examination of Wastewater Treatment Analysis using Tamarind Seed Powder as Natural Coagulants

Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Field of Renewables, Energy Transition, and Decarbonization

Machine Learning Algorithms for Classifying Land Use and Land Cover

Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2024

GIS Applications and Machine Learning Approaches in Civil Engineering

Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2024

Performance Evaluation of Polymeric Hollow Fibre Heat Exchanger (PHFHE)

CRC Press eBooks, Jun 29, 2022

Energy transition: paving the way for a greener future

Nanomaterials and Energy

Performance Evaluation of Polymeric Hollow Fibre Heat Exchanger (PHFHE)

CRC Press eBooks, Jun 29, 2022

Prediction Of Heat Transfer Performance Using Polynomial Regression

2022 Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS)

Numerical Investigation of Cooling Behavior in Minichannel Heat Sink of Multiple Configurations

Computational Thermal Sciences: An International Journal

Numerical Heat Transfer Analysis of a Rectangular Microchannel Heat Sink with Graphene-based Nanofluids

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 2021

Heat transfer enhancement in microchannel with different surface undulations

Proceeding of Proceedings of the 26thNational and 4th International ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass Transfer Conference December 17-20, 2021, IIT Madras, Chennai-600036, Tamil Nadu, India, 2022

A numerical approach to Peltier - Based cabinet cooling system

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Optimization of spray parameters for effective microchannel cooling using surface response methodology

International Journal of Heat and Technology, 2018

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Modelling, Analysis and Entropy Generation Minimization of Al2O3-Ethylene Glycol Nanofluid Convective Flow inside a Tube

Energies

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Numerical simulation of heat and fluid flow through silicon-based microchannel with different surface roughness elements

International Journal of Engineering Systems Modelling and Simulation, 2017

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