Survey, Scrip, and the Road Allowance: Métis Land Dispossession in the Qu’Appelle Valley
This talk, drawn from Putting Down Roots, examines Métis land dispossession in the Qu’Appelle Valley through the implementation of the Dominion Lands Act and related policies of survey, homesteading, and scrip. These settler colonial policies imposed new systems of land tenure privileging individual ownership, agricultural labour, and strict homestead requirements, undermining Métis relationships to land grounded in kinship networks, mobility, and river-lot settlement. Survey and title regimes fragmented Métis landholdings, while scrip accelerated their transfer to settlers and speculators. Displaced from titled land, many Métis families relocated to the road allowance—marginal spaces set aside in the Dominion Lands survey for the creation of roads—where they built communities and maintained enduring connections to traditional territory.