LIFE AND DEATH IN ASIA MINOR IN HELLENISTIC, ROMAN, AND BYZANTINE TIMES EDITED BY J.RASMUS BRANDT, ERİKA HAGELBERG, GROBJORNSTADT, SVEN AHRENS,, 2017
This paper draws together archaeological, epigraphic, and historical evidence concerning burial c... more This paper draws together archaeological, epigraphic, and historical evidence concerning burial customs in Lycia. The work concentrates in particular upon Tlos, one of the most important cities in Lycia. The rock-cut tombs chosen for study from the acropolis cover a period from the beginning of the 5th century BC to the 3rd century AD. These selected tombs at Tlos conform well with the formerly established archaeological facts
regarding burial customs in Lycia. Tomb examples from Tlos are examined separately in terms of their periods
and their architectural features.
The task involved gathering the published material. This material concerns foremost well-preserved tombs
with inscriptions. They are classified according to their typological order and listed in chronological sequence
separating tombs from the Classical period from those of the late Hellenistic and Roman periods. Consequently, it is understood that even the uninterrupted usage of family tombs throughout the years does not imply the existence of an unchanging burial tradition. Burial practice was usually transformed according to the necessities of the current conditions.
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Book by Gul Isin
Book Chapter by Gul Isin
The task involved gathering the published material. This material concerns foremost well-preserved tombs with inscriptions. They are classified according to their typological order and listed in chronological sequence separating tombs from Classical from those of the late Hellenistic and Roman periods. Consequently, it is understood that even the uninterrupted usage of family tombs throughout the years does not imply the existence of an unchanging burial tradition. Burial practice was usually transformed according to the necessities of the current conditions.
Keywords: Death, Immortality, Afterlife, Ancient History, Museology.
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Proceedings by Gul Isin
Papers by Gul Isin
The task involved gathering the published material. This material concerns foremost well-preserved tombs with inscriptions. They are classified according to their typological order and listed in chronological sequence separating tombs from Classical from those of the late Hellenistic and Roman periods. Consequently, it is understood that even the uninterrupted usage of family tombs throughout the years does not imply the existence of an unchanging burial tradition. Burial practice was usually transformed according to the necessities of the current conditions.
Keywords: Death, Immortality, Afterlife, Ancient History, Museology.
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any necropolis or death cult outside of Lycia. The death cult and the cult of Apollo, together with contemporary and past archaeological, epigraphic and philological data have been brought together to interpret these Lycian artifacts. And in this context, the cultural elites of Trysa and Xanthos are interpreted as heroes, themselves predisposed to the trans Aegean worship of Apollo.
The Arif Kale settlement is located to the south of the Village Arif and city Arykanda on the highway between the districts of Elmalı and Finike, East of Lycia. The figurine, which constitutes the subject of this study, was unearthed in the 2018 excavation season during the works on the western part of the Decumanus Maximus of Arif Kale. The Decumanus Maximus connects the two main gates located in the east-west direction of the city. The figurine in question was used as a filling material in a wall dated to the 7th-9th centuries AD. The figurine, which was found as a spolia material is stylistically similar to the depictions on votive altars and steles of which examples are known from Arykanda and the Lycian Region. This mentioned artefact has different characteristics of the iconography of Meter, Artemis Lagbene and Artemis Kynegetis, whose iconography is
known with the help of inscribed reliefs; however, its iconography differs from those of the three goddesses listed here. Therefore the artefact is unique among known goddess iconographies. In this study, the Arykanda figurine which does not bear an inscription is identified by comparing it with different iconographies that carry similarities.
Keywords: Arycanda-Arif Kale, Artemis, Lagbene, Kynegetis, Potnia Theron.
composed of fine-grained and sandy clayey matrix. The matrix contains natural flocculated clays, quartz and rock fragments (sandstone, limestone). Tlos ceramics and clays are rich in calcium. Representative ceramics were produced from the Tlos area clays. Representative ceramics were fired at 900, 950, 1000 °C, and studied petrographically. When compared them with the Tlos ceramic sample, the most representative of the color matching is the MUB4 (Balaman clays) sample fired at 950 °C. Macroscopic and microscopic studies of MUB4 show similarity to the typical Tlos ceramic. Balaman clay consists of quartz, calcite, dolomite, feldspar and clay minerals. Smectite is dominant clay mineral, illite, chlorite and serpentine minerals are the other clay minerals. As a result of petrographic studies, Tlos ceramics with similar composition can fall into different groups in statistical studies made according to chemical analysis result. According to statistical studies, Tlos ceramic production could be made from more than one workshop and raw materials. According to the fossils and ultrabasic rock contents, the muds that deposited in theflood plains of the stream are also likely to be used. It is appropriate that the tiles separated as Tlos A group should be matched as Tlos local production.
regarding burial customs in Lycia. Tomb examples from Tlos are examined separately in terms of their periods
and their architectural features.
The task involved gathering the published material. This material concerns foremost well-preserved tombs
with inscriptions. They are classified according to their typological order and listed in chronological sequence
separating tombs from the Classical period from those of the late Hellenistic and Roman periods. Consequently, it is understood that even the uninterrupted usage of family tombs throughout the years does not imply the existence of an unchanging burial tradition. Burial practice was usually transformed according to the necessities of the current conditions.