Papers by muhammad bilal sadiq
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Propolis is a well-known resinous natural substance collected by honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) fr... more Propolis is a well-known resinous natural substance collected by honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) from plants exudations. Variations in chemical composition of propolis are due to different sources from which it is collected and change in climate and geographical location. In this study, different propolis samples were collected from different regions of Balochistan and examined for its chemical composition, total phenolics and total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant potential by using DPPH radical scavenging assay and antimicrobial activity. Bioactive components analysis revealed the presence of steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, coumarins, cardiac glycosides, quinones, anthraquinones, terpenoids, tannins, and phlobatannins at different levels. The total phenolics contents were ranged from 2.9343 ± 1.247 to 6.0216 ± 2.873 mg GAE g-1, and flavonoid contents were found to be 0.1546 ± 0.087 to 0.6586 ± 0.329 mg QE g-1, respectively. The antioxidant ability of each extract was analy...
Journal of Food Engineering
Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society
Globally, the food is contaminated by various means but microorganisms are predominant factor in ... more Globally, the food is contaminated by various means but microorganisms are predominant factor in contaminating the food and agriculture commodities. Among microorganisms, fungi are mainly involved in the spoilage of food due to their diversified nature and minimal requirement for growth. The toxigenic fungi associated with mycotoxins, can grow during any stage of food chain including harvesting, handling, distribution and storage. Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites and their production is influenced by various factors such as environmental conditions, crop type and storage conditions. Mycotoxins in agriculture commodities expose serious health hazards. This review entails different types of mycotoxins involved in the spoilage of food and agriculture commodities, their potential health hazard, maximum allowable limits of mycotoxins in different food commodities and possible control strategies. In developing countries, regulatory authorities need to establish quality control ...
Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis, 2022
Journal of Food Process Engineering, 2021
Journal of Food Quality
Propolis oil (PO) was examined for chemical composition, phenolic and flavonoid content, and anti... more Propolis oil (PO) was examined for chemical composition, phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were 2.388 ± 1.116 mg GAE/g and 0.579 ± 0.140 mg QE/g. Oil showed 64.59 ± 14.59% inhibition of DPPH radical and significant antibacterial activities against target bacteria. Salmonella typhi was found to be highly sensitive (27.23 ± 4.35 mm) to PO, compared to Escherichia coli (23.40 ± 3.21), Staphylococcus aureus (21.43 ± 2.80), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.26 ± 3.25). The MIC and MBS values of PO were 0.35 and 0.7 mg/mL for S. typhi and E. coli, whereas they were 0.7 and 1.4 mg/mL for S. aureus. Moreover, the PO was found to be bacteriostatic for K. pneumoniae. Aspergillus flavus was found to be highly sensitive to PO, with an effective growth inhibition percentage of 73%, followed by Aspergillus niger (70%), whereas Aspergillus parasiticus was less sensitive with 25% growth inhibition. Functional groups in PO were d...
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2022
The aim of this research was to determine the probiotic potential and safety of lactic acid bacte... more The aim of this research was to determine the probiotic potential and safety of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from raw goat milk. Gram positive and catalase negative bacteria were isolated from raw goat milk (n = 61) and identified as LAB. LAB isolates were screened for antimicrobial, probiotic and technological characteristics. LAB isolates showed antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium) and high survival rate at pH 2 (93.54-100.38% after 4h), in the presence of 0.3% bile salts (100.85-108.96% after 4h) and simulated gastric fluid (74.16-80.13% after 3h). Three LAB isolates (1, 3 and 13) with high antimicrobial activity against all foodborne pathogens and probiotics characteristics were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing and identified as Enterococcus faecium strains. Enterococcus spp. exhibited milk coagulation potential, amylolytic activity, susceptibility to antibiotics and no evidence of hemolysis. Enterococcus spp. isolated from goat milk showed probiotic and technological characteristics and can be used as a starter culture after further safety evaluation.
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2022
The aim of this research was to determine the probiotic potential and safety of lactic acid bacte... more The aim of this research was to determine the probiotic potential and safety of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from raw goat milk. Gram positive and catalase negative bacteria were isolated from raw goat milk (n = 61) and identified as LAB. LAB isolates were screened for antimicrobial, probiotic and technological characteristics. LAB isolates showed antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium) and high survival rate at pH 2 (93.54-100.38% after 4h), in the presence of 0.3% bile salts (100.85-108.96% after 4h) and simulated gastric fluid (74.16-80.13% after 3h). Three LAB isolates (1, 3 and 13) with high antimicrobial activity against all foodborne pathogens and probiotics characteristics were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing and identified as Enterococcus faecium strains. Enterococcus spp. exhibited milk coagulation potential, amylolytic activity, susceptibility to antibiotics and no evidence of hemolysis. Enterococcus spp. isolated from goat milk showed probiotic and technological characteristics and can be used as a starter culture after further safety evaluation.
Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2021
The underutilized millets and legumes (proso millet, little millet, soaked and germinated faba be... more The underutilized millets and legumes (proso millet, little millet, soaked and germinated faba beans) were mixed in different combinations to develop ready to eat porridge. Physiochemical and functional properties such as color, water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), pasting properties, microstructure and in vitro starch digestibility of formulated porridge mix were evaluated. The porridge mix formulations exhibited a considerable amount of proteins (17.97–22.17 g/100 g) and carbohydrates (70.24–72.25 g/100 g). WAI and WSI of the different porridge formulations (P1-P6) ranged from 3.07 to 3.34 g/g and 10.37 to 25.81 g/100 g/100 g, respectively. The in vitro starch digestibility of formulation P5 (little millet, proso millet and soaked faba bean) was significantly higher (67.70%) compared to other formulations. This study concluded that nutritional, functional values as well as the digestibility of porridge mixes were improved after incorporation of soaked faba b...
Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics, 2022
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2021
Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacterium causing gastric problems such as, peptic ulcers and... more Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacterium causing gastric problems such as, peptic ulcers and stomach cancer. H. pylori were isolated from the stomach biopsy specimens (n = 100) of gastric patients by performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) against cagA (cytotoxin associated gene A) and ureC (Urease subunit alpha) genes. Furthermore, antibiogram studies of the H. pylori isolates were evaluated against the common antibiotics. The overall detection rate of H. pylori was 71% in biopsy specimens of gastric patients. The antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed the resistance rate of H. pylori isolates against metronidazole (50%), clarithromycin (28.33%), tetracycline (21.66%), amoxicillin (18.33%), and ciprofloxacin (11.66%). However, the H. pylori isolates were completely resistant to vancomycin, erythromycin and nalidixic acid antibiotics. Clove oil showed a remarkable antimicrobial effect against H. pylori whereas, mild inhibition (10 mm) was observed in case of curcumin extract. Due to increase incident of resistance and high prevalence of H. pylori in gastric patients, natural antimicrobial like clove oil can be explored as an alternative treatment.
Food Processing By‐Products and their Utilization, 2017
Zinc-Based Nanostructures for Environmental and Agricultural Applications, 2021
Reference Module in Food Science, 2019
Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2020
Heliyon, 2021
Annually, millions of the people suffer from foodborne diseases which are mainly associated with ... more Annually, millions of the people suffer from foodborne diseases which are mainly associated with poor food handling practices. The poor food safety knowledge and practices increase the risk of food contamination and foodborne diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between demographic attributes and food safety knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of food handlers (chefs and servers) working in small-scale restaurants, hotels and eateries in Lahore, Pakistan. A structured questionnaire including questions related to demographic characteristics and food safety KAP attributes of food handlers (n = 202) was used to collect the responses. The responses of food handlers were statistically analyzed using Spearman Correlation and Chi-Square tests. The results showed that a large proportion of food handlers had good attitudes towards food safety and followed good food safety practices (FSP) but had poor food safety knowledge (FSK). Demographic characteristics of food handlers i.e. level of education, professional category, current job tenure, and total food service industry experience were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with FSK, FSA, and FSP. FSK was found to be moderate to strongly correlated with FSP of food handlers (rs = 0.675), whereas FSA was found to be strongly correlated with FSP (rs = 0.733). The study highlighted the importance and impact of food safety knowledge on food safety practices and overall perspective of food handlers working in restaurants.
Sugar Tech, 2021
This study focused on the optimization of xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse by using resp... more This study focused on the optimization of xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse by using response surface methodology (RSM). Xylitol was produced through a series of processes, firstly, optimization of ultrasound assisted mild alkaline pretreatment for the xylan extraction from sugarcane bagasse followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan to xylose by enzyme β-1,4-xylanase and finally microbial fermentation of xylose to xylitol using yeast (Candida guilliermondii), bacteria (Corynebacterium glutamicum) and their mixed culture for different time periods (0-96 h). Maximum xylan recovery of 12.059% (w/w) was observed at pretreatment; 0.73 M NaOH, 1:38.55 solid to liquid ratio and 34.77 min ultrasonication. The enzyme concentration of 400 U/g xylan at 48 h of incubation showed the highest xylose production (81.51 mg/g bagasse). Yeast (Candida guilliermondii) resulted in the highest xylitol yield (Yp/s= 0.43 g/g) after 72 h. This bioprocess route can contribute as a suitable alternative for chemical methods of xylitol production.
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 2021
For the first time, pregnant women will have a happy and curious feeling about the changes in the... more For the first time, pregnant women will have a happy and curious feeling about the changes in themselves and fetal development in general. However, there is also a feeling of anxiety. The research conducted in Naples, Italy, March, 15 th-April, 1 st , 2020, showed that the Covid-19 pandemic has a severe psychological impact on 53% of pregnant women. The study stated that pregnant women could be feeling stressed and anxious, which could cause adverse effects such as fetal death or fetal abnormalities. Antenatal Care is a pregnancy check that aims to improve the physical and mental health of pregnant women optimally. Therefore, they can ensure with childbirth, preparation for exclusive breastfeeding, and return to reproductive health properly. This study aimed to provide counseling about psychological changes in pregnant women and how to get pregnancy services during the Covid-19 pandemic. Pregnant women need to conduct pregnancy checkup regularly to health practitioner or midwifery and health cadres andcarry out prenatal checks according to the minimum standard. This extension activity was implemented for pregnant women and health cadres in Kertosari Village in stages with keeping applicable health protocol. The results showed the enthusiasm of pregnant women and health cadres who accompanied them during the pregnancy checkup process.
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Papers by muhammad bilal sadiq