Papers by Akash Agnihotri
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
Migraine is the second leading cause of disability in terms of ‘years lived with disability’ and ... more Migraine is the second leading cause of disability in terms of ‘years lived with disability’ and it affects globally about 12% of the general population. Currently available preventive therapies are not specific to migraine. After the discovery of calcitonin gene-related peptide’s (CGRP’s) role in migraine pathophysiology, CGRP receptor antagonist drugs were developed specifically for migraine. Atogepant is the only oral, selective, potent, second-generation CGRP receptor antagonist approved in September 2021 by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for prophylaxis of episodic migraines and chronic migraines. It acts by blocking the α-CGRP receptor present on the vascular smooth muscle cell membrane of cranial arteries. It has the added advantage of oral administration, less hepatotoxicity, minimal drug–drug interactions (DDIs) with better efficacy, safety, and tolerability profile compared to the other CGRP receptor antagonists. This present review summarizes the physicochemical prope...
Curēus, May 17, 2024
Introduction Cancer chemotherapy regimens include multiple classes of adjuvant drugs as supportiv... more Introduction Cancer chemotherapy regimens include multiple classes of adjuvant drugs as supportive therapy. Because of the concurrent intake of other drugs (like antiemetics, antidepressants, analgesics, and antimicrobials), there is a heightened risk for possible QT interval prolongation. There is a dearth of evidence in the literature regarding the usage of QT-prolonging anticancer drugs and associated risk factors that have the propensity to prolong QT interval. The purpose was to explore the extent of the use of QT-intervalprolonging drugs and potential QT-prolonging drug-drug interactions (QT-DDIs) in cancer patients attending OPD in a tertiary-care hospital. Methods This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional, observational study. Risk stratification of QT-prolonging drugs for torsades de pointes (TdP) was done by the Arizona Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics (AzCERT)/CredibleMeds-lists, and potential QT-DDIs were determined with four online DDI-checkersoftware. Results In 1331 cancer patients, the overall prevalence of potential QT-prolonging drug utilization was 97.3%. Ondansetron, pantoprazole, domperidone, and olanzapine were the most frequent QT-prolonging drugs in cancer patients. The top six antineoplastics with potential QT-prolonging and torsadogenic actions were capecitabine, oxaliplatin, imatinib, bortezomib, 5-fluorouracil, and bendamustine. Evidence-based pragmatic QTc interval prolongation risk assessment tools are imperative for cancer patients. Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of QT-prolonging drugs and QT-DDIs among cancer patients who are treated with anticancer and non-anticancer drugs. As a result, it's critical to take precautions, stay vigilant, and avoid QT-prolonging in clinical situations. Evidence-based pragmatic QTc interval prolongation risk assessment tools are needed for cancer patients.
Japan Journal of Clinical & Medical Research, 2022
In 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration approved 50 novel drugs. Twenty three of the 50 (46%... more In 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration approved 50 novel drugs. Twenty three of the 50 (46%) drugs were categorized as orphan drug, and 9 of the 50 (18%) were approved under accelerated approval. This review includes a summary of the novel drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2021
Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease
Background: Psychotropic medications extend corrected QT (QTc) period in the electrocardiogram (E... more Background: Psychotropic medications extend corrected QT (QTc) period in the electrocardiogram (ECG). Psychiatric patients exposed to ⩾1 psychotropic medication(s) represent a group with marked probability of drug-activated QTc-prolongation. Prolonged QTc interval in elderly patients (age > 60 years) is connected to greater risk of all-cause and coronary heart disease deaths. This study aimed at investigating pattern of utilization of QTc-interval protracting medications, QT-extending drug interactions, and prevalence of QTc-interval extending hazard factors in elderly patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, prospective study at the Psychiatry OPD at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India from 1 October 2017 to 30 August 2019 employing the pertinent prescriptions. Results: A total of 832 elderly patients (age 60 years or more) visiting the Psychiatry OPD during the aforementioned study duration were investigated. About 420 (50.5%) pa...
INTRODUCTION Polypharmacy increases hazard of drug-drug interactions(DDIs), hospitalization, trea... more INTRODUCTION Polypharmacy increases hazard of drug-drug interactions(DDIs), hospitalization, treatment toxicity, and mortality in elderly individuals with cancer. The present study explores and analyzes prevalence and severity of DDIs in geriatric cancer patients subjected to anticancer chemotherapy, their mechanisms, stratification of severity, and correlation between DDI risk and number of medications taken. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted between January-July 2019 at the Medical Oncology/Hematology and Radiation-Oncology Departments, All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS) Rishikesh. The study included a convenience sampling of 126 geriatric cancer patients. RESULTS 126 patients were enrolled in present study. DDIs were identified in 97.6% of elderly cancer patients, and 88.9% had at least one DDI with antineoplastic medications. Highest number of DDIs involving antineoplastic medications in any given patient was 12. DDIs involving medications used for t...
Molecules
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are conserved cytosolic patte... more Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are conserved cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that track the intracellular milieu for the existence of infection, disease-causing microbes, as well as metabolic distresses. The NLRP3 inflammasome agglomerates are consequent to sensing a wide spectrum of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Certain members of the NLR family have been documented to lump into multimolecular conglomerates called inflammasomes, which are inherently linked to stimulation of the cysteine protease caspase-1. Following activation, caspase-1 severs the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 to their biologically active forms, with consequent commencement of caspase-1-associated pyroptosis. This type of cell death by pyroptosis epitomizes a leading pathway of inflammation. Accumulating scientific documentation has recorded overstimulation of NLRP3 (NOD-...
Progress in Pediatric Cardiology
Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
COVID-19 has emerged as a global pandemic. There is currently a spurt of clinical research to gen... more COVID-19 has emerged as a global pandemic. There is currently a spurt of clinical research to generate evidence to treat this novel disease. The aim of the current study is to characterise the pharmacotherapeutic intervention-related clinical trials registered in India. COVID-19 clinical trials registered in India were analysed from data retrieved from Clinical Trial Registry-India, ClinicalTrials.gov and International Clinical Trial Registry Platform. Parameters such as study design, sample size, pharmacotherapeutic interventions and primary outcomes were evaluated. A total of 267 studies were screened among which 103 clinical trials were assessed for descriptive analysis. Majority of registered trials (55.3%) were in Indian System of Medicine followed by antimalarials such as hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine (10.5%) and plasma therapy (7.1%). Most commonly used study design was randomised parallel group in 63%. Open-label study was seen in 47.5%. Primary outcome was improvement of c...
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Papers by Akash Agnihotri