The aim of this work was to establish the structure of a crystalline basement along the previousl... more The aim of this work was to establish the structure of a crystalline basement along the previously constructed regional cross-section located in the westernmost part of the Polish Outer Carpathians. The analysis of the gravity and magnetic data, additionally constrained by the borehole information, geological maps and seismic profile was carried out to anticipate the depth to the crystalline basement. Based on the qualitative interpretation, several basement-rooted faults were delineated that in some cases most probably affected the structural evolution of the Carpathians Fold and Thrust Belt. Moreover, along the entire cross-section, the basement seems to be located much deeper than previously anticipated. Lastly, the 2D potential fields modelling indicates that a continuous sedimentary cover, most probably represented by the Devonian and Carboniferous sequence or Miocene sediments of the Carpathian foredeep, may be expected below the Carpathian nappes along the whole cross-section length.
Results of a depth-to-basement study are presented for the westernmost Polish Outer Carpathians. ... more Results of a depth-to-basement study are presented for the westernmost Polish Outer Carpathians. The gravity data are inverted for the top of the Precambrian basement using horizons from 2-D gravity and magnetic forward models and well tops as input depth measurements. 2-D models, used in the study, are built upon depth converted seismic profiles. The results are visualized as an isobath map for the top of the Precambrian basement, complemented with the qualitative structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomaly maps. The outcome of 3-D joint inversion of the gravity data and depth measurements shows the Precambrian crystalline basement deepening southward from c. 1 to almost 7 km b. s. l. Consequently, an approximately 2 km thick wedge of autochthonous sediments, thickening southward, is embraced between the crystalline basement and a sole detachment of the Carpathian fold-and-thrust belt, imaged by seismic data. Since the modelled top of the crystalline basement is roughly parallel to the Moho, suggesting no extension-related thinning in Mesozoic, the autochthonous sediments are likely of pre-Permian age. A positive magnetic anomaly in the south of the study area is presumably associated with the presence of an elongated body of intermediate to mafic rocks in the basement of the Brunovistulian Terrane. These rocks may represent a relic of a Cadomian magmatic arc comparable to that existing in the Brno Massif of southern Moravia.
Based on the interpretation of 2D seismic profiles integrated with surface geological investigati... more Based on the interpretation of 2D seismic profiles integrated with surface geological investigations, a mechanism responsible for the formation of a large scale normal fault zone has been proposed. The fault, here referred to as the Rycerka Fault, has a predominantly normal dip-slip component with the detachment surface located at the base of Carpathian units. The fault developed due to the formation of an anticlinal stack within the Dukla Unit overlain by the Magura Units. Stacking of a relatively narrow duplex led to the growth of a dome-like culmination in the lower unit, i.e., the Dukla Unit, and, as a consequence of differential uplift of the unit above and outside the duplex, the upper unit (the Magura Unit) was subjected to stretching. This process invoked normal faulting along the lateral culmination wall and was facilitated by the regional, syn-thrusting arc–parallel extension. Horizontal movement along the fault plane is a result of tear faulting accommodating a varied rat...
An attempt was made to describe the quality of the stacked seismic data semi-quantitatively with ... more An attempt was made to describe the quality of the stacked seismic data semi-quantitatively with respect to the spacing of shot and receiver lines. The methods used included: signal-to-noise ratio calculation, seismic-to-well tie accuracy, wavelet extraction effectiveness and reliability of semi-automated interpretation of seismic attributes. This study was focused on the Ordovician-Silurian interval of the Lublin Basin, Poland, as it was considered as a main target for the exploration of unconventional hydrocarbon deposits. Our results reconfirm the obvious dependency between the density of the acquisition parameters and data quality. However, we also discovered that the seismic data quality is less affected by the shot line spacing than by comparable receiver line spacing. We attributed this issue to the fact of the higher irregularity of the shot points than receiver points, imposed by the terrain accessibility. We have also proven that the regularity of receiver and shot point d...
Results of a depth-to-basement study are presented for the westernmost Polish Outer Carpathians. ... more Results of a depth-to-basement study are presented for the westernmost Polish Outer Carpathians. The gravity data are inverted for the top of the Precambrian basement using horizons from 2-D gravity and magnetic forward models and well tops as input depth measurements. 2-D models, used in the study, are built upon depth converted seismic profiles. The results are visualized as an isobath map for the top of the Precambrian basement, complemented with the qualitative structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomaly maps. The outcome of 3-D joint inversion of the gravity data and depth measurements shows the Precambrian crystalline basement deepening southward from c. 1 to almost 7 km b. s. l. Consequently, an approximately 2 km thick wedge of autochthonous sediments, thickening southward, is embraced between the crystalline basement and a sole detachment of the Carpathian fold-and-thrust belt, imaged by seismic data. Since the modelled top of the crystalline basement is roughly parallel to the Moho, suggesting no extension-related thinning in Mesozoic, the autochthonous sediments are likely of pre-Permian age. A positive magnetic anomaly in the south of the study area is presumably associated with the presence of an elongated body of intermediate to mafic rocks in the basement of the Brunovistulian Terrane. These rocks may represent a relic of a Cadomian magmatic arc comparable to that existing in the Brno Massif of southern Moravia. built upon seismic reflection lines. The results are additionally constrained by qualitative structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomaly maps. The results reveal basement control on a structural style and wedge geometry of the Carpathian thinskinned fold-and-thrust belt.
In the paper authors present some geological sites from Kaczawa Unit, Sudetes, Poland, and their ... more In the paper authors present some geological sites from Kaczawa Unit, Sudetes, Poland, and their interpretation in a geotectonic context. All described geosites are important for understanding the evolution of so called Kaczawa Accretionary Prism as well as whole Sudetes. Presented outcrops are easily accessible, well exposed and exhibits high education value. Special attention was given to the Wojcieszów Limestones and their relationship to the surrounding rocks
The communication of advances in research to the common public for both education and decision ma... more The communication of advances in research to the common public for both education and decision making is an important aspect of scientific work. An even more crucial task is to gain recognition within the scientific community, which is judged by impact factor and citation counts. Recently, the latter concepts have been extended from textual publications to include data and software publications. This paper presents a case study for science communication and data citation. For this, tectonic models, Free and Open Source Software (FOSS), best practices for data citation and a multimedia online-portal for scientific content are combined. This approach creates mutual benefits for the stakeholders: Target audiences receive information on the latest research results, while the use of Digital Object Identifiers (DOI) increases the recognition and citation of underlying scientific data. This creates favourable conditions for every researcher as DOI names ensure citeability and long term ava...
The aim of this work was to establish the structure of a crystalline basement along the previousl... more The aim of this work was to establish the structure of a crystalline basement along the previously constructed regional cross-section located in the westernmost part of the Polish Outer Carpathians. The analysis of the gravity and magnetic data, additionally constrained by the borehole information, geological maps and seismic profile was carried out to anticipate the depth to the crystalline basement. Based on the qualitative interpretation, several basement-rooted faults were delineated that in some cases most probably affected the structural evolution of the Carpathians Fold and Thrust Belt. Moreover, along the entire cross-section, the basement seems to be located much deeper than previously anticipated. Lastly, the 2D potential fields modelling indicates that a continuous sedimentary cover, most probably represented by the Devonian and Carboniferous sequence or Miocene sediments of the Carpathian foredeep, may be expected below the Carpathian nappes along the whole cross-section length.
The authors presents the maps of the Eastern European Platform in Poland during Paleozoic times. ... more The authors presents the maps of the Eastern European Platform in Poland during Paleozoic times. The present day maps depict plate tectonic elements and thickness maps. Three seismic profiles shows the tectonics of the Eastern European Platform margin in Pomerania and Lublin area. Eight global paleogeographic maps were constructed using a plate tectonic model based on PLATES, GPLATES and PALEOMAP software. The plate tectonic reconstruction programs takes tectonic features in the form of digitised data files, assembles those features in accordance with user specified rotation criteria The rotation file contains a list of finite rotations between pairs of tectonic elements, at different episodes of time, with brief bibliographic notes or general comments for each individual rotation. Information derived from global and regional papers followed by the authors own research were posted on the maps and the general paleoenvironment zones were distinguished within the platforms, basins and ...
Baltica consisted of a major part of northern Europe. It was bound on the west by the Iapetus sut... more Baltica consisted of a major part of northern Europe. It was bound on the west by the Iapetus suture, on the east by the Ural suture, on the south by the Variscan/Hercynian suture, and on the southwest by a suture located close, but not quite along the Teisseyre-Tornquist line. Baltica included part of Poland and adjacent areas northeast of line, which ran from Scania through Western Pomerania, Łódź, Holy Cross Mountains Fault to the Black Sea. This line separate the East European Platform and element sutured to Baltica. The present authors attempted to provide maps of the Eastern European Platform in Poland during Paleozoic times. These maps were constructed using a plate tectonic model based on PLATES, GPLATES and PALEOMAP software. The plate tectonic reconstruction programs takes tectonic features in the form of digitised data files, assembles those features in accordance with user specified rotation criteria The rotation file contains a list of finite rotations between pairs of tectonic elements, at different episodes of time, with brief bibliographic notes or general comments for each individual rotation. Information derived from global and regional papers followed by the authors own research were posted on the maps and the general palaeoenvironment zones were distinguished within the platforms, basins and ridges. The position of plates was based on palaeomagnetic data and geological observation. It was also augmented by palaeontological data, which included several groups of benthos and plankton, mainly trilobites, brachiopods, corals, graptolites, foraminifers and others. This augmentation is a subject of palaeobiogeography. Fossils became an important factor in our understanding of the distribution of plates since the birth of plate tectonics. The palaeobiogeographic studies contributed to understanding that present day Poland was built as a mosaic of plates sutured together during Phanerozoic times. Baltica originated as a result of disintegration of supercontinent Pannotia, which occurred during Early Cambrian. Early Ordovician was the time of maximum dispersion of continents during the Paleozoic. The benthic fauna of Baltica became endemic showing that large oceans separated this palaeocontinent from Gondwana and other plates. Avalonia probably started to drift from Gondwana and move towards Baltica in the late Tremadocian and was in a drift stage by the Llanvirnian. Between Gondwana, Baltica, Avalonia and Laurentia, a large longitudinal oceanic unit, known as the Rheic Ocean was formed. Avalonia was probably sutured to Baltica by the end of Ordovician or in the Early Silurian. This process was dominated by a strike-slip suturing of the two continents, rather than by full-scale continentcontinent collision. Silurian was a time of Caledonian orogeny, closing of Early Paleozoic oceans, collision of Baltica with Avalonia and Laurentia and origin of supercontinent Laurussia. The Variscan Orogeny was caused by the collision of Bohemian Massif plates and Protocarpathian terrane with Laurussia. The Protocarpathian terrane acted as an indentor, which caused thrust tectonics of the Eastern
The aim of this work was to establish the structure of a crystalline basement along the previousl... more The aim of this work was to establish the structure of a crystalline basement along the previously constructed regional cross-section located in the westernmost part of the Polish Outer Carpathians. The analysis of the gravity and magnetic data, additionally constrained by the borehole information, geological maps and seismic profile was carried out to anticipate the depth to the crystalline basement. Based on the qualitative interpretation, several basement-rooted faults were delineated that in some cases most probably affected the structural evolution of the Carpathians Fold and Thrust Belt. Moreover, along the entire cross-section, the basement seems to be located much deeper than previously anticipated. Lastly, the 2D potential fields modelling indicates that a continuous sedimentary cover, most probably represented by the Devonian and Carboniferous sequence or Miocene sediments of the Carpathian foredeep, may be expected below the Carpathian nappes along the whole cross-section length.
Results of a depth-to-basement study are presented for the westernmost Polish Outer Carpathians. ... more Results of a depth-to-basement study are presented for the westernmost Polish Outer Carpathians. The gravity data are inverted for the top of the Precambrian basement using horizons from 2-D gravity and magnetic forward models and well tops as input depth measurements. 2-D models, used in the study, are built upon depth converted seismic profiles. The results are visualized as an isobath map for the top of the Precambrian basement, complemented with the qualitative structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomaly maps. The outcome of 3-D joint inversion of the gravity data and depth measurements shows the Precambrian crystalline basement deepening southward from c. 1 to almost 7 km b. s. l. Consequently, an approximately 2 km thick wedge of autochthonous sediments, thickening southward, is embraced between the crystalline basement and a sole detachment of the Carpathian fold-and-thrust belt, imaged by seismic data. Since the modelled top of the crystalline basement is roughly parallel to the Moho, suggesting no extension-related thinning in Mesozoic, the autochthonous sediments are likely of pre-Permian age. A positive magnetic anomaly in the south of the study area is presumably associated with the presence of an elongated body of intermediate to mafic rocks in the basement of the Brunovistulian Terrane. These rocks may represent a relic of a Cadomian magmatic arc comparable to that existing in the Brno Massif of southern Moravia.
Based on the interpretation of 2D seismic profiles integrated with surface geological investigati... more Based on the interpretation of 2D seismic profiles integrated with surface geological investigations, a mechanism responsible for the formation of a large scale normal fault zone has been proposed. The fault, here referred to as the Rycerka Fault, has a predominantly normal dip-slip component with the detachment surface located at the base of Carpathian units. The fault developed due to the formation of an anticlinal stack within the Dukla Unit overlain by the Magura Units. Stacking of a relatively narrow duplex led to the growth of a dome-like culmination in the lower unit, i.e., the Dukla Unit, and, as a consequence of differential uplift of the unit above and outside the duplex, the upper unit (the Magura Unit) was subjected to stretching. This process invoked normal faulting along the lateral culmination wall and was facilitated by the regional, syn-thrusting arc–parallel extension. Horizontal movement along the fault plane is a result of tear faulting accommodating a varied rat...
An attempt was made to describe the quality of the stacked seismic data semi-quantitatively with ... more An attempt was made to describe the quality of the stacked seismic data semi-quantitatively with respect to the spacing of shot and receiver lines. The methods used included: signal-to-noise ratio calculation, seismic-to-well tie accuracy, wavelet extraction effectiveness and reliability of semi-automated interpretation of seismic attributes. This study was focused on the Ordovician-Silurian interval of the Lublin Basin, Poland, as it was considered as a main target for the exploration of unconventional hydrocarbon deposits. Our results reconfirm the obvious dependency between the density of the acquisition parameters and data quality. However, we also discovered that the seismic data quality is less affected by the shot line spacing than by comparable receiver line spacing. We attributed this issue to the fact of the higher irregularity of the shot points than receiver points, imposed by the terrain accessibility. We have also proven that the regularity of receiver and shot point d...
Results of a depth-to-basement study are presented for the westernmost Polish Outer Carpathians. ... more Results of a depth-to-basement study are presented for the westernmost Polish Outer Carpathians. The gravity data are inverted for the top of the Precambrian basement using horizons from 2-D gravity and magnetic forward models and well tops as input depth measurements. 2-D models, used in the study, are built upon depth converted seismic profiles. The results are visualized as an isobath map for the top of the Precambrian basement, complemented with the qualitative structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomaly maps. The outcome of 3-D joint inversion of the gravity data and depth measurements shows the Precambrian crystalline basement deepening southward from c. 1 to almost 7 km b. s. l. Consequently, an approximately 2 km thick wedge of autochthonous sediments, thickening southward, is embraced between the crystalline basement and a sole detachment of the Carpathian fold-and-thrust belt, imaged by seismic data. Since the modelled top of the crystalline basement is roughly parallel to the Moho, suggesting no extension-related thinning in Mesozoic, the autochthonous sediments are likely of pre-Permian age. A positive magnetic anomaly in the south of the study area is presumably associated with the presence of an elongated body of intermediate to mafic rocks in the basement of the Brunovistulian Terrane. These rocks may represent a relic of a Cadomian magmatic arc comparable to that existing in the Brno Massif of southern Moravia. built upon seismic reflection lines. The results are additionally constrained by qualitative structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomaly maps. The results reveal basement control on a structural style and wedge geometry of the Carpathian thinskinned fold-and-thrust belt.
In the paper authors present some geological sites from Kaczawa Unit, Sudetes, Poland, and their ... more In the paper authors present some geological sites from Kaczawa Unit, Sudetes, Poland, and their interpretation in a geotectonic context. All described geosites are important for understanding the evolution of so called Kaczawa Accretionary Prism as well as whole Sudetes. Presented outcrops are easily accessible, well exposed and exhibits high education value. Special attention was given to the Wojcieszów Limestones and their relationship to the surrounding rocks
The communication of advances in research to the common public for both education and decision ma... more The communication of advances in research to the common public for both education and decision making is an important aspect of scientific work. An even more crucial task is to gain recognition within the scientific community, which is judged by impact factor and citation counts. Recently, the latter concepts have been extended from textual publications to include data and software publications. This paper presents a case study for science communication and data citation. For this, tectonic models, Free and Open Source Software (FOSS), best practices for data citation and a multimedia online-portal for scientific content are combined. This approach creates mutual benefits for the stakeholders: Target audiences receive information on the latest research results, while the use of Digital Object Identifiers (DOI) increases the recognition and citation of underlying scientific data. This creates favourable conditions for every researcher as DOI names ensure citeability and long term ava...
The aim of this work was to establish the structure of a crystalline basement along the previousl... more The aim of this work was to establish the structure of a crystalline basement along the previously constructed regional cross-section located in the westernmost part of the Polish Outer Carpathians. The analysis of the gravity and magnetic data, additionally constrained by the borehole information, geological maps and seismic profile was carried out to anticipate the depth to the crystalline basement. Based on the qualitative interpretation, several basement-rooted faults were delineated that in some cases most probably affected the structural evolution of the Carpathians Fold and Thrust Belt. Moreover, along the entire cross-section, the basement seems to be located much deeper than previously anticipated. Lastly, the 2D potential fields modelling indicates that a continuous sedimentary cover, most probably represented by the Devonian and Carboniferous sequence or Miocene sediments of the Carpathian foredeep, may be expected below the Carpathian nappes along the whole cross-section length.
The authors presents the maps of the Eastern European Platform in Poland during Paleozoic times. ... more The authors presents the maps of the Eastern European Platform in Poland during Paleozoic times. The present day maps depict plate tectonic elements and thickness maps. Three seismic profiles shows the tectonics of the Eastern European Platform margin in Pomerania and Lublin area. Eight global paleogeographic maps were constructed using a plate tectonic model based on PLATES, GPLATES and PALEOMAP software. The plate tectonic reconstruction programs takes tectonic features in the form of digitised data files, assembles those features in accordance with user specified rotation criteria The rotation file contains a list of finite rotations between pairs of tectonic elements, at different episodes of time, with brief bibliographic notes or general comments for each individual rotation. Information derived from global and regional papers followed by the authors own research were posted on the maps and the general paleoenvironment zones were distinguished within the platforms, basins and ...
Baltica consisted of a major part of northern Europe. It was bound on the west by the Iapetus sut... more Baltica consisted of a major part of northern Europe. It was bound on the west by the Iapetus suture, on the east by the Ural suture, on the south by the Variscan/Hercynian suture, and on the southwest by a suture located close, but not quite along the Teisseyre-Tornquist line. Baltica included part of Poland and adjacent areas northeast of line, which ran from Scania through Western Pomerania, Łódź, Holy Cross Mountains Fault to the Black Sea. This line separate the East European Platform and element sutured to Baltica. The present authors attempted to provide maps of the Eastern European Platform in Poland during Paleozoic times. These maps were constructed using a plate tectonic model based on PLATES, GPLATES and PALEOMAP software. The plate tectonic reconstruction programs takes tectonic features in the form of digitised data files, assembles those features in accordance with user specified rotation criteria The rotation file contains a list of finite rotations between pairs of tectonic elements, at different episodes of time, with brief bibliographic notes or general comments for each individual rotation. Information derived from global and regional papers followed by the authors own research were posted on the maps and the general palaeoenvironment zones were distinguished within the platforms, basins and ridges. The position of plates was based on palaeomagnetic data and geological observation. It was also augmented by palaeontological data, which included several groups of benthos and plankton, mainly trilobites, brachiopods, corals, graptolites, foraminifers and others. This augmentation is a subject of palaeobiogeography. Fossils became an important factor in our understanding of the distribution of plates since the birth of plate tectonics. The palaeobiogeographic studies contributed to understanding that present day Poland was built as a mosaic of plates sutured together during Phanerozoic times. Baltica originated as a result of disintegration of supercontinent Pannotia, which occurred during Early Cambrian. Early Ordovician was the time of maximum dispersion of continents during the Paleozoic. The benthic fauna of Baltica became endemic showing that large oceans separated this palaeocontinent from Gondwana and other plates. Avalonia probably started to drift from Gondwana and move towards Baltica in the late Tremadocian and was in a drift stage by the Llanvirnian. Between Gondwana, Baltica, Avalonia and Laurentia, a large longitudinal oceanic unit, known as the Rheic Ocean was formed. Avalonia was probably sutured to Baltica by the end of Ordovician or in the Early Silurian. This process was dominated by a strike-slip suturing of the two continents, rather than by full-scale continentcontinent collision. Silurian was a time of Caledonian orogeny, closing of Early Paleozoic oceans, collision of Baltica with Avalonia and Laurentia and origin of supercontinent Laurussia. The Variscan Orogeny was caused by the collision of Bohemian Massif plates and Protocarpathian terrane with Laurussia. The Protocarpathian terrane acted as an indentor, which caused thrust tectonics of the Eastern
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