Surgery

The operational method (V-cut pelvic ostectomy) was applied on seven dogs. Pubic symphysis was cut in an inverted "V" fashion and a bone gap occurred between pelvic halves. The gap was reduced by contracting both sides of the pelvis. A new pubic symphysis developed. Results were evaluated with radiographs and different clinical and orthopedic tests. Radiographic measures between mutual parts of pelvic bone showed a marked increase in Norberg angles and diminishing in Bardens, Barlow, and Ortolani orthopedic tests after operations. Principal conclusion: V-cut pelvic ostectomy was found to be a successful operation technique in treatment of canine hip dysplasia.

Kemik grefleri gunumuzde veteriner cerrahi alaninda siklikla kullanilmaktadir. Ulkemizde kemik greflerinin sagladigi bir cok imkan arastirmacilar ve klinisyenler tarafindan yeterince degerlendirilememektedir. Bu derleme hazirlanirken kemik greflerinin cesitleri ve kullanim alanlari hakkindaki tarihsel ve guncel bilgilerin hekimlerin bilgisine sunulmasi amaclanmistir. Kemik grefleri cozumu zor gorulen kirik kaynama problemlerinde, kemik tumoru operasyonlarinda ve diger bircok durumda avaskulerize veya vaskulerize sekilde kullanilarak bugune kadar gelmistir ve gunumuzde kemik ve eklemlerin butun olarak yenilenmesi konulari ilgi gormeye baslamistir. Genel anlamda cok parcali veya maddi kayipli kiriklarin tedavisinde kemik grefleri buyuk avantajlar saglamaktadir. Ayrica bir komplikasyona bagli iyilesmenin gecikmesi ve kemik iyilesmesinin uyarilmasi konusunda, deformasyonlarin duzeltilmesi, artrodez operasyonlari, rekonstruktif eklem ve kemik cerrahisi, kemik tumorleri, kist ve osteomyel...

Kopeklerin on capraz bag (OCB) kopuklari sik gorulen bir travmatik gelisimdir. Tedavisinde operatif ve konservatif tedaviler olmak uzere bircok teknik tanimlanmistir. Operatif yontemlerin yaninda konservatif tedavilerin etkileri sinirli kalmaktadir. Operatif tedaviler en cok tercih edilen secenektir ve guncel tekniklerin isiginda tatmin edici sonuclar vermektedir. Gunumuzde gelisen teknolojik imkanlarla artik eklemin biyomekanigini duzenleyen operatif tedaviler mumkun olmakta ve eklem hasarlari en aza indirilmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda yeni bir teknik olan uclu tibial osteotomi operasyonu ve klinik sonuclari incelendi. Calismayi, tekniginin sunulmasi amaciyla 3 kadavra ve klinik bir hasta olusturdu. Klinik olguda muayeneler sonucu on capraz bag kopugu tanisi konan hasta Uclu Tibial Osteotomi (Triple Tibial Osteotomy, UTO) yontemi ile opere edildi, postoperatif donemde iyilesme saglanincaya kadar kontrolleri gerceklestirildi ve hasta normal fonksiyonel yasamina bu teknikle geri dondu...

Two radiographic distraction techniques (Standard Ventrodorsal Hip-Extended Radiography, SHER, and Balanced Hip-Extended Radiography, BHER) were evaluated for Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) diagnosis on 100 hip joints of 50 dogs to determine the most reliable method in the detection of higher hip laxity employing Norbergs-Olsson angle (NoA) evaluation (FCI hip scoring). Anesthesia was standardized due to uniformity in muscle relaxation and applied to extend loads (SHERKg and BHERKg) were measured on hind legs using electronic weight scales (EWS) simultaneously with ventrodorsal (V/D) radiography. Results of NoA scores were evaluated statistically together with weight scale (WS) values. Significant differences were found between groups of methods for both in WS results (p<.001) and NoA evaluations (p<.001). The difference between right and left sides in WS results was not found significant (p>.05). Even if there was no significant difference occurred in this, balancing the loads with the BHER method caused a significant difference in NoA values between tested methods (p<.001). Moreover, the linear, positive, and strong correlation between SHER and BHER methods was shown the reliability of the BHER method in NoA evaluations (rs= .910, p<.001). In conclusion, by having a positive and strong correlation with the standard method, and better outcomes in FCI hip scoring with lower misdiagnose frequency thus affecting the clinical outcome, the BHER method was offered as a reliable method in the diagnosis of CHD.

Gelisimsel kalca displazisi hastaligi uluslararasi hayvan ortopedi birligi tarafindan taninan 350 kopek irkinin onemli bir kisminda gorulmektedir. Hastalik cok erken yaslarda baslar ve ilerleyen zamanlarda kireclenme olarak da tabir edilen dejeneratif eklem hastaligi ve osteoartrit gelisimi ile agrili bir ortopedik rahatsizliga donusur. Tanisal ve tedavisel girisimlerin tumu ekonomik acidan maliyetlidir ve hasta sahipleri icin maddi ve manevi bir yuk getirir. Suru islahi ve hasta hayvanlarin seleksiyonu ile bu hastaligin gorulme sikliginin azaltilmasi konusunda bircok calisma bu- lunmaktadir. Bu derlemede kopeklerin kalca eklemlerinde displaziye yol acan kalitsal ve cevresel faktorlerin varolan calismalar ve guncel bilgiler isiginda incelenmesi amaclanmistir.

The operational method (V-cut pelvic ostectomy) was applied on seven dogs. Pubic symphysis was cut in an inverted "V" fashion and a bone gap occurred between pelvic halves. The gap was reduced by contracting both sides of the pelvis. A new pubic symphysis developed. Results were evaluated with radiographs and different clinical and orthopedic tests. Radiographic measures between mutual parts of pelvic bone showed a marked increase in Norberg angles and diminishing in Bardens, Barlow, and Ortolani orthopedic tests after operations. Principal conclusion: V-cut pelvic ostectomy was found to be a successful operation technique in treatment of canine hip dysplasia.

This study was carried out for the determination and the evaluation of intraocular pressure (IOP) in Anatolian Buffalo calve by means of applanation tonometry. A total of 78 eyes of 39 healthy Anatolian Buffalo calves aged between 1 and 11 months old from both sexes were examined. IOPs of Anatolian Buffalo calves were measured at the same time once in the morning on each eye during six month period every morning. IOP's of the left eyes were found to be 23,58 ± 2,8 mmHg (range 17,30-29,60 mmHg) whereas the right eyes were 23,28 ± 3,28 mmHg (range 17,30-30,60 mmHg). Comparison of the tonometries between right and the left eyes of Anatolian Buffalo calves showed no significant difference, statistically. IOP was found to have no correlation to a decrease in concordance with the age of the animal. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tonometrical investigation performed in Anatolian Buffalo calve. The IOP for Anatolian Buffalo calves was determined as 23.43 ± 2.8 mmHg.

Bu olgu sunumunda doğan ailesinden yırtıcı bir kuş olan falco peregrinus'da (alaca doğan) görülen açık humerus kırığı ve sağaltımının sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Yırtıcı kuşlar özellikle kış aylarında yaşanan besin kıtlığı nedeniyle doğal habitatından uzaklaşmakta ve toplumsal alanlara daha çok yaklaşarak gerek avcılık gerekse oluşan kazalar sebebiyle halk eline düşmektedir. Görülen olguların çoğunluğu trafik kazaları veya ateşli silah yaralanmaları sonucunda oluşan çeşitli kemik kırıklarla bulunmakta ve kliniğimize getirilmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda halk elinde bulunan bir alaca doğanın açık humerus kırığının açılı pinlerle sağaltımı, bakımı ve doğaya geri kazandırılması ile ilgili çalışmamız klinik meslekdaşlarımızın bilgisine sunulmaktadır.

The purpose of this study was to investigate biomechanical optimization of the newly designed circular external fixator (CEF) system, used in the orthopaedics surgery, that is capable of continuous compression at the fracture line. External fixators are devices applied from outside the body to treat bone and joint injuries as well as to correct skeletal deformities. In this study, the effects of parametric changes on CEF mounted for the fracture were investigated with using response surface optimization (RSO) module in ANSYS software using the finite element method. The pressure acting on fracture line is an essential factor on fracture healing. The RSO module showed that the contribution of the parameters on this essential factor was as follows in the descending order; pre-load, spring coefficient, wire diameter and angle between the wires. According to the results of the numerical study; (a) there was a positive correlation between the wire diameter and the normal stress at the fracture line. The increase in wire diameter and pre-loading caused an increase in the normal stress at the fracture line. (b) The angle between the wires has a relatively little effect on the whole system. (c) The most effective parameters on the system were determined as the pre-loading and spring coefficient.

This study examined the TTO method to share the treatment results on dogs and contribute to the current scientific literature in Turkey. 2. Materials and methods Herein, 7 dogs diagnosed with CrCL deficiency were assessed using clinical and radiological examinations. The study was performed at the Animal Health Management and Research Hospital of Afyon Kocatepe University. Dogs were chosen from those that qualified for surgical treatment for CrCL rupture. They varied in weight, breed, age, and sex. Ethical permission was granted by the Afyon Kocatepe University Ethical Commission for Animal Experiments under verification number 49533702/105. 2.1. Preoperative planning X-rays were taken at a 135° knee joint mediolateral projection by extending the joint. Simultaneously, ventrodorsal hip-extended radiographs and additional possible diseases were examined. The images were stored and evaluated using computer software for wedge angle (WA) calculations. X-rays were evaluated for the angle measurement between the patellar ligament and tibial Abstract: Canine cranial cruciate ligament ruptures have become common with improved nutrition and nonselective breeding strategies. This study assessed 7 dogs of various breeds and ages with the diagnosis of cranial cruciate ligament ruptures. The triple tibial osteotomy (TTO) method was used to treat the rupture. All of the dogs were admitted to the clinic for varying degrees of lameness. Diagnosis was confirmed using both clinical and radiologic examinations. Body weights of the dogs were between 12 and 65 kg. Informed consent was given by the owners prior to surgery. Postoperatively, early evaluations were made using periodic radiographs and clinical examinations, but long-term evaluations were performed by phone interviews due to economic and other limitations by the owners. The TTO operation method was completed successfully in all of the cases and only with Case 5 was a major complication encountered (tibial tuberosity fracture from the distal pivot hole). In 3 cases, the minor complication of wound contamination occurred due to poor wound care by the owners of the dogs. Owners were advised to restrict mobilization for a week following cast removal. Early, mid-, and long-term postoperative results showed functional recovery in all of the cases. All of the dogs returned to their pretrauma lives and those that had chronic symptoms had a significant increase in their mobility when compared to their previous states after cranial cruciate ligament rupture.

ÖZET Bu çalışmanın amacı, pelikanlarda ateşli silah yaralanmaları sonucu oluşan kırıkların yeri, şeklinin ve sağaltım seçeneklerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışma materyalini, 2004-2013 yılları arasında Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Cerrahi Kliniği’ne getirilen 12 adet beyaz pelikan oluşturdu. Olguların fiziksel muayeneleri yapıldıktan sonra kırık şüphesi bulunan bölgelerinin çift yönlü radyografileri alındı. Kırık tanısı konulan 8 olguda, intramedullar (İM) pin uygulaması gerçekleştirilirken, 3 olguda kırık onarımı için sadece bandaj uygulaması yapıldı. Açık radius-ulna kırığı bulunan bir olguda kemik uçlarında ve yumuşak dokularda nekroz belirlendiği için kanat ampute edildi. Pelikanlarda ateşli silah yaralanmaları sonucu oluşan kırıkların 8’inin kanatlarda, 4’ünün pelvik ekstiremitelerde şekillendiği gözlendi. Kanatta oluşan kırıkların 7’sinin radius-ulnada, 1’inin metacarpusda şekillendiği belirlendi. Ayrıca ekstremite kırığı bulunan 4 olgudan 3’ünün tibia ve...

Kemik grefleri günümüzde veteriner cerrahi alanında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Ülkemizde kemik greflerinin sağladığı bir çok imkan araştırmacılar ve klinisyenler tarafından yeterince değerlendirilememektedir. Bu derleme hazırlanırken kemik greflerinin çeşitleri ve kullanım alanları hakkındaki tarihsel ve güncel bilgilerin hekimlerin bilgisine sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Kemik grefleri çözümü zor görülen kırık kaynama problemlerinde, kemik tümörü operasyonlarında ve diğer birçok durumda avaskülerize veya vaskülerize şekilde kullanılarak bugüne kadar gelmiştir ve günümüzde kemik ve eklemlerin bütün olarak yenilenmesi konuları ilgi görmeye başlamıştır. Genel anlamda çok parçalı veya maddi kayıplı kırıkların tedavisinde kemik grefleri büyük avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca bir komplikasyona bağlı iyileşmenin gecikmesi ve kemik iyileşmesinin uyarılması konusunda, deformasyonların düzeltilmesi, artrodez operasyonları, rekonstrüktif eklem ve kemik cerrahisi, kemik tümörleri, kist ve osteomyelit durumlarında, metal implant komplikasyonu veya implantın kaplanarak dokuya integrasyonunun artırılması gibi uygulamaların yanı sıra diş hekimliği cerrahisi kemik greflerinin sık kullanıldığı alanlar arasındadır.

Olfactory stem cells have great potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and they are good candidates for cell therapy due to the easy accessibility of olfactory mucosa. The main objectives of this study were isolation, proliferation and characterization of olfactory mucosa stem cells that were further differentiated into olfactory neurospheres derived cells. When grown on poly-Dlysine with a serum-free culture medium supplemented with EGF (50 ng/ml) and FGF2 (50 ng/ml), olfactory stem cells gave rise to neurospheres. When grown in serum-containing culture medium newly plated spheres gave rise to olfactory neurosphere derived cells. Gene expression analysis revealed that, OCT4, SOX2, Nanog, Nestin, β-tubulin and NCAM were expressed in olfactory stem cells. While the mRNA expressions of Nanog, Nestin, Oct4, βIII-tubulin and NCAM were downregulated in neurospheres, the mRNA expression of SOX2 upregulated in neurospheres. According to the gene levels of neurospheres generated from olfactory stem cells, beta tubulin and NCAM gene expressions were upregulated, whereas OCT4, Nanog, Sox2 and Nestin mRNA expressions were downregulated in Olfactory neurospheres derived cells. Olfactory mucosa of canine is a suitable alternative source of stem cells and can be applied to cell therapy in neurodegenerative diseases.

Kemik grefleri günümüzde veteriner cerrahi alanında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Ülkemizde kemik greflerinin sağladığı bir çok imkan araştırmacılar ve klinisyenler tarafından yeterince değerlendirilememektedir. Bu derleme hazırlanırken kemik greflerinin çeşitleri ve kullanım alanları hakkındaki tarihsel ve güncel bilgilerin hekimlerin bilgisine sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Kemik grefleri çözümü zor görülen kırık kaynama problemlerinde, kemik tümörü operasyonlarında ve diğer birçok durumda avaskülerize veya vaskülerize şekilde kullanılarak bugüne kadar gelmiştir ve günümüzde kemik ve eklemlerin bütün olarak yenilenmesi konuları ilgi görmeye başlamıştır. Genel anlamda çok parçalı veya maddi kayıplı kırıkların tedavisinde kemik grefleri büyük avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca bir komplikasyona bağlı iyileşmenin gecikmesi ve kemik iyileşmesinin uyarılması konusunda, deformasyonların düzeltilmesi, artrodez operasyonları, rekonstrüktif eklem ve kemik cerrahisi, kemik tümörleri, kist ve osteomyelit durumlarında, metal implant komplikasyonu veya implantın kaplanarak dokuya integrasyonunun artırılması gibi uygulamaların yanı sıra diş hekimliği cerrahisi kemik greflerinin sık kullanıldığı alanlar arasındadır.

There is no consensus on the properties of an ideal dressing for treating wounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of dressings using topically administered bitter melon extract with olive oil, pure olive oil, nitrofurazone, and saline in the healing of ischemic wounds. A sample group of 48 rats was used in the trial. Their wounds were treated with bitter melon extract, pure olive oil, nitrofurazone, and saline. Data were collected between October 2014 and April 2015. The highest percentage (94.7%) of wound healing was observed in the bitter melon extract group and the lowest percentage (86.3%) in the nitrofurazone group. At the end of the 21st day, macroscopic reepithelialization was observed in 9 wounds in the bitter melon extract group (75%), in 6 wounds in the pure olive oil group (50%), and in only 3 wounds in the nitrofurazone and saline groups (25%). It can be concluded that dressing with a bitter melon extract is more efficient in the treatment of wounds than using nitrofurazone or saline, and that dressing with olive oil accelerates wound healing, although not as much as dressing with bitter melon extract.

Bu olgu sunumunda doğan ailesinden yırtıcı bir kuş olan falco peregrinus'da (alaca doğan) görülen açık humerus kırığı ve sağaltımının sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Yırtıcı kuşlar özellikle kış aylarında yaşanan besin kıtlığı nedeniyle doğal habitatından uzaklaşmakta ve toplumsal alanlara daha çok yaklaşarak gerek avcılık gerekse oluşan kazalar sebebiyle halk eline düşmektedir. Görülen olguların çoğunluğu trafik kazaları veya ateşli silah yaralanmaları sonucunda oluşan çeşitli kemik kırıklarla bulunmakta ve kliniğimize getirilmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda halk elinde bulunan bir alaca doğanın açık humerus kırığının açılı pinlerle sağaltımı, bakımı ve doğaya geri kazandırılması ile ilgili çalışmamız klinik meslekdaşlarımızın bilgisine sunulmaktadır.

This study was carried out for the determination and the evaluation of intraocular pressure (IOP) in Anatolian Buffalo calve by means of applanation tonometry. A total of 78 eyes of 39 healthy Anatolian Buffalo calves aged between 1 and 11 months old from both sexes were examined. IOPs of Anatolian Buffalo calves were measured at the same time once in the morning on each eye during six month period every morning. IOP's of the left eyes were found to be 23,58 ± 2,8 mmHg (range 17,30-29,60 mmHg) whereas the right eyes were 23,28 ± 3,28 mmHg (range 17,30-30,60 mmHg). Comparison of the tonometries between right and the left eyes of Anatolian Buffalo calves showed no significant difference, statistically. IOP was found to have no correlation to a decrease in concordance with the age of the animal. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tonometrical investigation performed in Anatolian Buffalo calve. The IOP for Anatolian Buffalo calves was determined as 23.43 ± 2.8 mmHg.