Endline Report of the Sudan Savanna Zone of the KKM , 2014
The main objective of this study is to use baseline and endline survey data to produce a report d... more The main objective of this study is to use baseline and endline survey data to produce a report documenting the main changes in key parameters since the baseline was conducted, and then estimate resulting impact that can be attributed to these changes.
The relationship between technology adoption and farmers’ socio-economic characteristics can neve... more The relationship between technology adoption and farmers’ socio-economic characteristics can never be over emphasized. This study tests the determinants of technology adoption by women farmers. The result from the Logit analysis of data from Unguwan-Madaki showed that the socio-economic characteristics of women farmers significantly affect their technology adoption decisions
The double hurdle model was estimated to examine the determinants of fuelwood consumption in Tara... more The double hurdle model was estimated to examine the determinants of fuelwood consumption in Taraba State, Nigeria. 450 respondents were randomly sampled for the study. The Double Hurdle model was employed in the analysis. Variables included the demographic factors of the respondents. It was found that poverty level of the respondents was the main factor that influenced fuelwood consumption and its intensity in the study area. This has serious implication for policy issues. Attending to the mounting concerns about fuelwood depletion in Nigeria, the results provide insights for the formulation of effective energy policies. Specifically, policy measures that simultaneously address household income and fuel price are required.
The role of women in feeding the household can never be overemphasized. Poverty alleviation among... more The role of women in feeding the household can never be overemphasized. Poverty alleviation among women is therefore paramount in household development. Improving the women farmer productivity is therefore a means of improving their income and hence alleviating poverty among them. The study was conducted in Kaduna State. Random sampling was employed in selecting a hundred and sixty women farmer respondents for the study. Data were collected from the 2011 cropping season. The data collected included production and demographic characteristics of the respondents. It was found that farmer productivity influenced their poverty status. On the average, the women farmers were able to obtain just over 55% of optimal output implying that, in the short-run, there is the possibility of increasing technical efficiency of the women farmers in food crop production in the study area by 45% if the women farmers would adopt the technology and production techniques currently used by the most efficient farmers. 78% of random variation in the output of the women farmers was due to their inefficiency. Poor education, large dependency ratio were some of the sources of inefficiencies. This coupled with inadequate utilization of inputs forced the women farmers to operate at the irrational stage 2 of the production function. It was recommended that an enabling environment that will make inputs readily available to farmers timely be created.
The Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage (PICS) project was launched in 2007 with a grant from the Bill... more The Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage (PICS) project was launched in 2007 with a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The project was designed to help farmers access low cost and chemical-free cowpea storage technology designed to store their cowpeas at harvest affordably, with minimal loss, in order to take advantage of seasonal price variability. One of the specific objectives was to develop supply chains for triple-layer plastic bags to make the technology available to farmers and provide opportunities to local businesses. To achieve the supply chain objective, the project has been pioneering investments in the development of factory-to-farm distribution systems across West and Central Africa. While notable progress has been made, project interventions have evolved over time, and experiences across the PICS countries have been uneven. This study provides an overview of the supply chain experience by country and some of the key lessons learned including: 1) PICS bags are well adapted to the storage needs of smallholder farmers, but not as well accepted by large scale grain traders; 2) the PICS incremental rollout strategy over five years allowed for learning in the early years to be incorporated in subsequent countries; 3) risk sharing strategies are needed for manufacturers and distributors of PICS bags; 4) agro-dealers are some of the best PICS vendors, but cell phone vendors and other entrepreneurs can be effective PICS retailers; 5) public sector institutions like national extension services are not well suited to sales of PICS bags, but individual public sector employees can be good vendors as a supplementary activity; 6) credit is not a key constraint for most PICS vendors, but low profitability and risk are; 7) first year reference price programs have substantial negative effects on market development in subsequent years; 8) crop forecasts are key to timely availability of PICS bags; 9) trademarking the PICS logo was a useful step, but it is not a substitute for patent protection; and 10) PICS project business consultants played a key role in market development which should be gradually shifted to the private sector.
The retention of farmers in agriculture in Nigeria is a challenging issue that has serious implic... more The retention of farmers in agriculture in Nigeria is a challenging issue that has serious implication for the sustenance of agro-allied industries and the food security of the nation. The young ones are not enthusiastic about the profession and the old ones are ready to abandon the profession at the slightest available opportunity. This study therefore, analysed factors influencing farmer job retention. 240 respondents were randomly selected from a population of food crop farmers in Kazaure and Yankwashi Local Government Areas of Jigawa State. The double hurdle analysis was employed in the analysis. The result showed that factors that influence participation in food crop production do not necessarily influence food crop farmer job retention. While household size significantly (P<0.05) influences farmers to go into food crop production, it discourages the farmers to stay put in their jobs in the midst of alternatives. The output and satisfaction variables were found to be the most significant factors that influence farmers to go into food crop production and equally make farmers stay on their jobs. Interventions by stakeholders that will improve farm output and job satisfaction will help to check farmer turnover and thus ensure job retention.
The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Programme (SSA CP) was initiated with an overall objective of
t... more The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Programme (SSA CP) was initiated with an overall objective of
tackling poverty related issues among the rural farmers in sub-Saharan Africa through an innovation
focussed approach referred to as Integrated Agricultural Research for development (IAR4D). This
paper employs some baseline data of the Sudan Savanna Task Force in analysing household livelihood
strategies and their poverty status. Stratified random sampling technique was employed in collecting
data from the respondents. The respondents were classified on the basis of whether the farmers are
future IAR4D (intervention), conventional (ARD) or clean sites (little intervention). This is necessary
for the end-line survey and for the impact assessment of the Challenge Programme. A total of 600
households were surveyed for the study. Descriptive statistics, estimated poverty line and the Tobit
regression model were employed in the analysis. The result showed that sales of crops and livestock
constitute the highest proportion of household income in all the IP sites implying that the households
are highly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. There was no significant difference (P<0.05)
in the number of households below the estimated poverty line in all the treatments however, the
poverty gap index was highest for the IAR4D sites and least for some R & D sites; Results of the Tobit
analysis explaining the factors determining the intensity of household poverty in the region (regales of
village type) shows that eight variables affect household poverty intensity (P < 0.05) viz: Household
Head Education, Child Dependency Ratio, Household Size, Farm Income, Household Production
Enterprise Portfolio, Non Farm Income, Household total farm area and Extension Contact. According
to the results obtained from the elasticity coefficients, the important factors that reduce household
poverty intensity in the study area were farm income (P < 0.05), household total farm area (P < 0.10)
and non-farm income in order of importance (P < 0.10). Factors that significantly increase poverty
intensity were household size and child dependency ratio (P < 0.05). The results thus imply that given
that IAR4D is designed to act directly on farm income through adoption of sustainable agricultural
technologies, taskforce interventions are likely to contribute to reduction of poverty in the area.
Farming households in the Savanna belt of Nigeria usually experience incidence of hunger 2-3 mont... more Farming households in the Savanna belt of Nigeria usually experience incidence of hunger 2-3 months after harvest. The
food shortage experienced by the households becomes harsh by January /February and the shortage becomes severe by
March /June. This cycle of seasonal food shortage by farming households keeps occurring yearly. This paper therefore,
investigated the farming household perception and response strategies to the seasonal food shortages in the Northern
Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The study was carried out in four villages randomly selected from two Local Government
Areas in Kaduna and Katsina States. A total of 230 farming households were interviewed. The double-hurdle model was
employed in the analysis. The result showed that more than 70 percent of households experience severe food shortage
and the factors that influenced household perception of food shortage are different from factors that influence the
household response strategies to food shortage.
Endline Report of the Sudan Savanna Zone of the KKM , 2014
The main objective of this study is to use baseline and endline survey data to produce a report d... more The main objective of this study is to use baseline and endline survey data to produce a report documenting the main changes in key parameters since the baseline was conducted, and then estimate resulting impact that can be attributed to these changes.
The relationship between technology adoption and farmers’ socio-economic characteristics can neve... more The relationship between technology adoption and farmers’ socio-economic characteristics can never be over emphasized. This study tests the determinants of technology adoption by women farmers. The result from the Logit analysis of data from Unguwan-Madaki showed that the socio-economic characteristics of women farmers significantly affect their technology adoption decisions
The double hurdle model was estimated to examine the determinants of fuelwood consumption in Tara... more The double hurdle model was estimated to examine the determinants of fuelwood consumption in Taraba State, Nigeria. 450 respondents were randomly sampled for the study. The Double Hurdle model was employed in the analysis. Variables included the demographic factors of the respondents. It was found that poverty level of the respondents was the main factor that influenced fuelwood consumption and its intensity in the study area. This has serious implication for policy issues. Attending to the mounting concerns about fuelwood depletion in Nigeria, the results provide insights for the formulation of effective energy policies. Specifically, policy measures that simultaneously address household income and fuel price are required.
The role of women in feeding the household can never be overemphasized. Poverty alleviation among... more The role of women in feeding the household can never be overemphasized. Poverty alleviation among women is therefore paramount in household development. Improving the women farmer productivity is therefore a means of improving their income and hence alleviating poverty among them. The study was conducted in Kaduna State. Random sampling was employed in selecting a hundred and sixty women farmer respondents for the study. Data were collected from the 2011 cropping season. The data collected included production and demographic characteristics of the respondents. It was found that farmer productivity influenced their poverty status. On the average, the women farmers were able to obtain just over 55% of optimal output implying that, in the short-run, there is the possibility of increasing technical efficiency of the women farmers in food crop production in the study area by 45% if the women farmers would adopt the technology and production techniques currently used by the most efficient farmers. 78% of random variation in the output of the women farmers was due to their inefficiency. Poor education, large dependency ratio were some of the sources of inefficiencies. This coupled with inadequate utilization of inputs forced the women farmers to operate at the irrational stage 2 of the production function. It was recommended that an enabling environment that will make inputs readily available to farmers timely be created.
The Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage (PICS) project was launched in 2007 with a grant from the Bill... more The Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage (PICS) project was launched in 2007 with a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The project was designed to help farmers access low cost and chemical-free cowpea storage technology designed to store their cowpeas at harvest affordably, with minimal loss, in order to take advantage of seasonal price variability. One of the specific objectives was to develop supply chains for triple-layer plastic bags to make the technology available to farmers and provide opportunities to local businesses. To achieve the supply chain objective, the project has been pioneering investments in the development of factory-to-farm distribution systems across West and Central Africa. While notable progress has been made, project interventions have evolved over time, and experiences across the PICS countries have been uneven. This study provides an overview of the supply chain experience by country and some of the key lessons learned including: 1) PICS bags are well adapted to the storage needs of smallholder farmers, but not as well accepted by large scale grain traders; 2) the PICS incremental rollout strategy over five years allowed for learning in the early years to be incorporated in subsequent countries; 3) risk sharing strategies are needed for manufacturers and distributors of PICS bags; 4) agro-dealers are some of the best PICS vendors, but cell phone vendors and other entrepreneurs can be effective PICS retailers; 5) public sector institutions like national extension services are not well suited to sales of PICS bags, but individual public sector employees can be good vendors as a supplementary activity; 6) credit is not a key constraint for most PICS vendors, but low profitability and risk are; 7) first year reference price programs have substantial negative effects on market development in subsequent years; 8) crop forecasts are key to timely availability of PICS bags; 9) trademarking the PICS logo was a useful step, but it is not a substitute for patent protection; and 10) PICS project business consultants played a key role in market development which should be gradually shifted to the private sector.
The retention of farmers in agriculture in Nigeria is a challenging issue that has serious implic... more The retention of farmers in agriculture in Nigeria is a challenging issue that has serious implication for the sustenance of agro-allied industries and the food security of the nation. The young ones are not enthusiastic about the profession and the old ones are ready to abandon the profession at the slightest available opportunity. This study therefore, analysed factors influencing farmer job retention. 240 respondents were randomly selected from a population of food crop farmers in Kazaure and Yankwashi Local Government Areas of Jigawa State. The double hurdle analysis was employed in the analysis. The result showed that factors that influence participation in food crop production do not necessarily influence food crop farmer job retention. While household size significantly (P<0.05) influences farmers to go into food crop production, it discourages the farmers to stay put in their jobs in the midst of alternatives. The output and satisfaction variables were found to be the most significant factors that influence farmers to go into food crop production and equally make farmers stay on their jobs. Interventions by stakeholders that will improve farm output and job satisfaction will help to check farmer turnover and thus ensure job retention.
The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Programme (SSA CP) was initiated with an overall objective of
t... more The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Programme (SSA CP) was initiated with an overall objective of
tackling poverty related issues among the rural farmers in sub-Saharan Africa through an innovation
focussed approach referred to as Integrated Agricultural Research for development (IAR4D). This
paper employs some baseline data of the Sudan Savanna Task Force in analysing household livelihood
strategies and their poverty status. Stratified random sampling technique was employed in collecting
data from the respondents. The respondents were classified on the basis of whether the farmers are
future IAR4D (intervention), conventional (ARD) or clean sites (little intervention). This is necessary
for the end-line survey and for the impact assessment of the Challenge Programme. A total of 600
households were surveyed for the study. Descriptive statistics, estimated poverty line and the Tobit
regression model were employed in the analysis. The result showed that sales of crops and livestock
constitute the highest proportion of household income in all the IP sites implying that the households
are highly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. There was no significant difference (P<0.05)
in the number of households below the estimated poverty line in all the treatments however, the
poverty gap index was highest for the IAR4D sites and least for some R & D sites; Results of the Tobit
analysis explaining the factors determining the intensity of household poverty in the region (regales of
village type) shows that eight variables affect household poverty intensity (P < 0.05) viz: Household
Head Education, Child Dependency Ratio, Household Size, Farm Income, Household Production
Enterprise Portfolio, Non Farm Income, Household total farm area and Extension Contact. According
to the results obtained from the elasticity coefficients, the important factors that reduce household
poverty intensity in the study area were farm income (P < 0.05), household total farm area (P < 0.10)
and non-farm income in order of importance (P < 0.10). Factors that significantly increase poverty
intensity were household size and child dependency ratio (P < 0.05). The results thus imply that given
that IAR4D is designed to act directly on farm income through adoption of sustainable agricultural
technologies, taskforce interventions are likely to contribute to reduction of poverty in the area.
Farming households in the Savanna belt of Nigeria usually experience incidence of hunger 2-3 mont... more Farming households in the Savanna belt of Nigeria usually experience incidence of hunger 2-3 months after harvest. The
food shortage experienced by the households becomes harsh by January /February and the shortage becomes severe by
March /June. This cycle of seasonal food shortage by farming households keeps occurring yearly. This paper therefore,
investigated the farming household perception and response strategies to the seasonal food shortages in the Northern
Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The study was carried out in four villages randomly selected from two Local Government
Areas in Kaduna and Katsina States. A total of 230 farming households were interviewed. The double-hurdle model was
employed in the analysis. The result showed that more than 70 percent of households experience severe food shortage
and the factors that influenced household perception of food shortage are different from factors that influence the
household response strategies to food shortage.
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Papers by Maiyaki Damisa
tackling poverty related issues among the rural farmers in sub-Saharan Africa through an innovation
focussed approach referred to as Integrated Agricultural Research for development (IAR4D). This
paper employs some baseline data of the Sudan Savanna Task Force in analysing household livelihood
strategies and their poverty status. Stratified random sampling technique was employed in collecting
data from the respondents. The respondents were classified on the basis of whether the farmers are
future IAR4D (intervention), conventional (ARD) or clean sites (little intervention). This is necessary
for the end-line survey and for the impact assessment of the Challenge Programme. A total of 600
households were surveyed for the study. Descriptive statistics, estimated poverty line and the Tobit
regression model were employed in the analysis. The result showed that sales of crops and livestock
constitute the highest proportion of household income in all the IP sites implying that the households
are highly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. There was no significant difference (P<0.05)
in the number of households below the estimated poverty line in all the treatments however, the
poverty gap index was highest for the IAR4D sites and least for some R & D sites; Results of the Tobit
analysis explaining the factors determining the intensity of household poverty in the region (regales of
village type) shows that eight variables affect household poverty intensity (P < 0.05) viz: Household
Head Education, Child Dependency Ratio, Household Size, Farm Income, Household Production
Enterprise Portfolio, Non Farm Income, Household total farm area and Extension Contact. According
to the results obtained from the elasticity coefficients, the important factors that reduce household
poverty intensity in the study area were farm income (P < 0.05), household total farm area (P < 0.10)
and non-farm income in order of importance (P < 0.10). Factors that significantly increase poverty
intensity were household size and child dependency ratio (P < 0.05). The results thus imply that given
that IAR4D is designed to act directly on farm income through adoption of sustainable agricultural
technologies, taskforce interventions are likely to contribute to reduction of poverty in the area.
food shortage experienced by the households becomes harsh by January /February and the shortage becomes severe by
March /June. This cycle of seasonal food shortage by farming households keeps occurring yearly. This paper therefore,
investigated the farming household perception and response strategies to the seasonal food shortages in the Northern
Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The study was carried out in four villages randomly selected from two Local Government
Areas in Kaduna and Katsina States. A total of 230 farming households were interviewed. The double-hurdle model was
employed in the analysis. The result showed that more than 70 percent of households experience severe food shortage
and the factors that influenced household perception of food shortage are different from factors that influence the
household response strategies to food shortage.
tackling poverty related issues among the rural farmers in sub-Saharan Africa through an innovation
focussed approach referred to as Integrated Agricultural Research for development (IAR4D). This
paper employs some baseline data of the Sudan Savanna Task Force in analysing household livelihood
strategies and their poverty status. Stratified random sampling technique was employed in collecting
data from the respondents. The respondents were classified on the basis of whether the farmers are
future IAR4D (intervention), conventional (ARD) or clean sites (little intervention). This is necessary
for the end-line survey and for the impact assessment of the Challenge Programme. A total of 600
households were surveyed for the study. Descriptive statistics, estimated poverty line and the Tobit
regression model were employed in the analysis. The result showed that sales of crops and livestock
constitute the highest proportion of household income in all the IP sites implying that the households
are highly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. There was no significant difference (P<0.05)
in the number of households below the estimated poverty line in all the treatments however, the
poverty gap index was highest for the IAR4D sites and least for some R & D sites; Results of the Tobit
analysis explaining the factors determining the intensity of household poverty in the region (regales of
village type) shows that eight variables affect household poverty intensity (P < 0.05) viz: Household
Head Education, Child Dependency Ratio, Household Size, Farm Income, Household Production
Enterprise Portfolio, Non Farm Income, Household total farm area and Extension Contact. According
to the results obtained from the elasticity coefficients, the important factors that reduce household
poverty intensity in the study area were farm income (P < 0.05), household total farm area (P < 0.10)
and non-farm income in order of importance (P < 0.10). Factors that significantly increase poverty
intensity were household size and child dependency ratio (P < 0.05). The results thus imply that given
that IAR4D is designed to act directly on farm income through adoption of sustainable agricultural
technologies, taskforce interventions are likely to contribute to reduction of poverty in the area.
food shortage experienced by the households becomes harsh by January /February and the shortage becomes severe by
March /June. This cycle of seasonal food shortage by farming households keeps occurring yearly. This paper therefore,
investigated the farming household perception and response strategies to the seasonal food shortages in the Northern
Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The study was carried out in four villages randomly selected from two Local Government
Areas in Kaduna and Katsina States. A total of 230 farming households were interviewed. The double-hurdle model was
employed in the analysis. The result showed that more than 70 percent of households experience severe food shortage
and the factors that influenced household perception of food shortage are different from factors that influence the
household response strategies to food shortage.